Cobbler的介绍1.cobbler的介绍Cobbler由python语言开发，是对PXE和Kickstart以及DHCP的封装。融合很多特性，提供了CLI和Web的管理形式。更加方便的实行网络安装，。同时，Cobbler也提供了API接口，使用其它语言也很容易做扩展。它不紧可以安装物理机，同时也支持kvm、xen虚拟化、Guest OS的安装。更多的是它还能结合Puppet等集中化管理软件，实现自动化的管理。
Cobbler 提供以下服务集成：
* PXE 服务支持
* DHCP 服务管理
* DNS 服务管理
* 电源管理
* Kickstart 服务支持
* yum 仓库管理
2.cobbler组成Cobbler 的配置结构基于一组注册的对象。每个对象表示一个与另一个实体相关联的实体（该对象指向另一个对象，或者另一个对象指向该对象）。当一个对象指向另一个对象时，它就继承了被指向对象的数据，并可覆盖或添加更多特定信息。以下对象类型的定义为：
发行版：表示一个操作系统。它承载了内核和 initrd 的信息，以及内核参数等其他数据。 配置文件：包含一个发行版、一个 kickstart 文件以及可能的存储库，还包含更多特定的内核参数等其他数据。 系统：表示要配给的机器。它包含一个配置文件或一个镜像，还包含 IP 和 MAC 地址、电源管理（地址、凭据、类型）以及更为专业的数据等信息。 存储库：保存一个 yum 或 rsync 存储库的镜像信息。 镜像：可替换一个包含不属于此类别的文件的发行版对象（例如，无法分为内核和 initrd 的对象）。 基于注册的对象以及各个对象之间的关联，Cobbler知道如何更改文件系统以反映具体配置。因为系统配置的内部是抽象的，所以您可以仅关注想要执行的操作。下面是Cobbler各对象之间的关系图，
3.cobbler的工作原理Server端：
· 第一步，启动Cobbler服务 · 第二步，进行Cobbler错误检查，执行cobbler check命令 · 第三步，进行配置同步，执行cobbler sync命令 · 第四步，复制相关启动文件文件到TFTP目录中 · 第五步，启动DHCP服务，提供地址分配 · 第六步，DHCP服务分配IP地址 · 第七步，TFTP传输启动文件 · 第八步，Server端接收安装信息 · 第九步，Server端发送ISO镜像与Kickstart文件 Client端：
· 第一步，客户端以PXE模式启动 · 第二步，客户端获取IP地址 · 第三步，通过TFTP服务器获取启动文件 · 第四步，进入Cobbler安装选择界面 · 第五步，客户端确定加载信息 · 第六步，根据配置信息准备安装系统 · 第七步，加载Kickstart文件 · 第八步，传输系统安装的其它文件 · 第九步，进行安装系统
Cobbler的安装配置管理1.cobbler的安装1.1 安装epel的yum源
1.2 关闭防火墙和禁用selinux1
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| [iyunv@Cobbler~]# service iptables stop
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# chkconfig iptables off
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# service iptables status
iptables: Firewall is notrunning.
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# chkconfig --list | grep iptables
iptables 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# getenforce
Disabled
补充：禁用selinux的方法：
setenfore 0 临时禁用
sed -i '/SELINUX=/d'/etc/selinux/config && echo"SELINUX=disabled">> /etc/selinux/config 永久禁用，重启生效
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1.3 安装cobbler的必备软件和cobbler1
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| [iyunv@Cobbler~]# yum -y install httpd rsync tftp-server xinetd dhcp cman pykickstart debmirror
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web
过程中可能会报错：
[iyunv@Cobbler ~]# yum -y installhttpd rsync tftp-server xinetd dhcp cmanpykickstart debmirror
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds fromcached hostfile
Error: Cannot retrieve metalinkfor repository: epel. Please verify its path and try again
解决：把epel.repo中的mirrorlist注释掉，并启用baseurl
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# egrep "baseurl|mirrorlist" /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-6&arch=$basearch
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch/debug
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-debug-6&arch=$basearch
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/SRPMS
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-source-6&arch=$basearch
[iyunv@Cobbler~]#sed -i's/#baseurl/baseurl/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
[iyunv@Cobbler~]#sed -i ''s/mirrorlist/#mirrorlist/g/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# egrep "baseurl|mirrorlist" /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-6&arch=$basearch
baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch/debug
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-debug-6&arch=$basearch
baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/SRPMS
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-source-6&arch=$basearch
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1.4 执行cobbler check，然后依次解决检查出的问题1
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| [iyunv@Cobbler~]# cobbler check
The following are potentialconfiguration items that you may want to fix:
1 : The 'server' field in/etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, orkickstarting features will not work. This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server asreachable by all machines that will use it.
2 : For PXE to be functional,the 'next_server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something otherthan 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network.
3 : some network boot-loadersare missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run 'cobbler get-loaders' todownload them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you mayensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux packageinstalled and can ignore this message entirely. Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures,should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobblerget-loaders' command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.
4 : change 'disable' to 'no'in /etc/xinetd.d/rsync
5 : comment out 'dists' on/etc/debmirror.conf for proper debian support
6 : comment out 'arches' on/etc/debmirror.conf for proper debian support
7 : The default password usedby the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_cryptedin /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to 'cobbler' and should be changed, try:"openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'"to generate new one
Restart cobblerd and then run'cobbler sync' to apply changes.
解决办法：
1：在settings里面设置server 的IP
2：在settings里面设置next_server的IP
3：如果当前节点可以访问互联网，执行“cobblerget-loader”命令下载pxelinux.0,menu.c32,elilo.efi, 或yaboot文件，否则，需要安装syslinux程序包，而后复制/usr/share/syslinux/中的pxelinux.0,menu.c32等文件至/var/lib/cobbler/loaders目录中
4：把/etc/xinetd.d/rsync中的disable的值改为no
5: 注释/etc/dedmirror.conf文件中的“@dists="sid";”一行
6: 注释/etc/dedmirror.conf文件中的“@arches="i386";”一行
7: 执行“openssl passwd -1 -salt$(openssl rand -hex 4)”生成密码，并用其替换/etc/cobbler/settings文件中default_password_crypted参数
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下面开始在配置过程中解决上面的报错
2.cobbler的配置管理2.1 修改/etc/xinetd.d/下rsync和tftp中disable值为no1
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| [iyunv@Cobbler~]# sed -i -e 's/= yes/= no/g' /etc/xinetd.d/rsync
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# sed -i '/disable/c\\tdisable\t\t\t= no' /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# grep "disable" /etc/xinetd.d/rsync /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
/etc/xinetd.d/rsync: disable = no
/etc/xinetd.d/tftp: disable = no
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2.2修改/etc/cobbler/settings文件相关参数1
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| [iyunv@Cobbler~]# sed -i "s/manage_dhcp: 0/manage_dhcp: 1/g" /etc/cobbler/settings
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# sed -i "s/manage_rsync: 0/manage_rsync: 1/g" /etc/cobbler/settings
[iyunv@Cobbler ~]# sed -i"s/next_server: 127.0.0.1/next_server: 192.168.255.10/g"/etc/cobbler/settings
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# sed -i "s/server:127.0.0.1/server: 192.168.255.10/g" /etc/cobbler/settings
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# egrep "manage_dhcp|manage_rsync|server:|next_server"/etc/cobbler/settings
manage_dhcp:1 #启用cobbler对dhcp的管理
manage_rsync:1 #启用cobbler对rsync的管理
next_server:192.168.255.10 #指定next_server的地址
server:192.168.255.10 #指定cobbler的服务器的ip
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2.3 /etc/dedmirror.conf文件注释掉@dists="sid";@arches="i3861
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| [iyunv@Cobbler~]# sed -i "s/@dists/#@dists/g" /etc/debmirror.conf
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# sed -i "s/@arches/#@arches/g" /etc/debmirror.conf
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# egrep "@dists|@arches" /etc/debmirror.conf
#@dists="sid";
#@arches="i386";
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2.4 修改/etc/cobbler/dhcp.template，配置dhcp相关参数1
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| subnet192.168.255.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 192.168.255.10;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.255.10;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.255.100 192.168.255.254;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
next-server $next_server;
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2.5 生成新的密码文件1
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| [iyunv@Cobbler~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt 'cobbler'"123.com"
$1$cobbler$rK3/2t1JZHrwohtqCqcmg.
[iyunv@Cobbler ~]# sed -i'/default_password_crypted/c\default_password_crypted:\"$1$cobbler$rK3/2t1JZHrwohtqCqcmg.\"' /etc/cobbler/settings
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# grep "default_password_crypted" /etc/cobbler/settings
default_password_crypted:"$1$cobbler$rK3/2t1JZHrwohtqCqcmg."
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2.6 启动cobbler的各个组件，并设置开机自动启动1
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| [iyunv@Cobbler~]# /etc/init.d/httpd start
Startinghttpd: httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for Cobbler
httpd:Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using127.0.0.1 for ServerName
[ OK ]
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# /etc/init.d/xinetd start
Startingxinetd: [ OK ]
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# /etc/init.d/cobblerd start
Startingcobbler daemon: [ OK ]
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# /sbin/chkconfig httpd on
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# /sbin/chkconfig dhcpd on
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# /sbin/chkconfig xinetd on
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# /sbin/chkconfig cobblerd on
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# service dhcpd start
Startingdhcpd: [FAILED]
dhcp启动失败，原因是没有同步cobbler的配置，现在cobbler还没接管dhcp，执行cobblerrsync之后就可以
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2.7 执行cobbler get-loaders命令，在线下载pxelinux.0,menu.c32,elilo.efi,或yaboot文件1
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| [iyunv@Cobbler~]# cobbler get-loaders
task started:2015-06-01_170259_get_loaders
task started (id=DownloadBootloader Content, time=Mon Jun 117:02:59 2015)
path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README already exists, not overwriting existingcontent, use --force if you wish to update
path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.elilo already exists, not overwriting existingcontent, use --force if you wish to update
path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.yaboot already exists, not overwritingexisting content, use --force if you wish to update
path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.syslinux already exists, not overwritingexisting content, use --force if you wish to update
path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/elilo-ia64.efi already exists, not overwritingexisting content, use --force if you wish to update
path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot already exists, not overwriting existingcontent, use --force if you wish to update
path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 already exists, not overwriting existingcontent, use --force if you wish to update
path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 already exists, not overwriting existingcontent, use --force if you wish to update
path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi already exists, not overwriting existingcontent, use --force if you wish to update
path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi already exists, not overwritingexisting content, use --force if you wish to update
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
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2.8重启cobbler，并执行cobbler sync使其同步1
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| [iyunv@Cobbler~]# service cobblerd restart
Stoppingcobbler daemon: [ OK ]
Startingcobbler daemon: [ OK ]
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# cobbler sync
taskstarted: 2015-06-01_170502_sync
taskstarted (id=Sync, time=Mon Jun 117:05:02 2015)
runningpre-sync triggers
cleaningtrees
removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
copyingbootloaders
tryinghardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0
tryinghardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32
tryinghardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot -> /var/lib/tftpboot/yaboot
tryinghardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi ->/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
tryinghardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi ->/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
copyingdistros to tftpboot
copyingimages
generatingPXE configuration files
generatingPXE menu structure
renderingDHCP files
generating/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
renderingTFTPD files
generating/etc/xinetd.d/tftp
cleaninglink caches
renderingRsync files
runningpost-sync triggers
runningpython triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
runningpython trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running:dhcpd -t -q
receivedon stdout:
receivedon stderr:
running:service dhcpd restart
receivedon stdout: Starting dhcpd: [ OK ]
receivedon stderr:
runningshell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
runningpython triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
runningpython trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
runningshell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
***TASK COMPLETE ***
同步完成没报错之后，现在重新启动dhcp，发现可以正常启动了
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# service dhcpd restart
Shuttingdown dhcpd: [ OK ]
Startingdhcpd: [ OK ]
最后执行cobblercheck重新检查一下，没有报错
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# cobbler check
Noconfiguration problems found. Allsystems go.
此时cobbler已经安装配置完成，下面开始进行导入镜像等管理操作
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3.Cobbler的管理和使用3.1 cobbler常用命令 cobblercheck #检查cobbler配置 cobbler sync #同步配置到dhcp/pxe和数据目录 cobbler list #列出所有的cobbler元素 cobbler import #导入安装的系统镜像 cobbler report #列出各元素的详细信息 cobbler distro #查看导入的发行版系统信息 cobbler profile #查看配置信息 cobbler system #查看添加的系统信息 cobbler reposync #同步yum仓库到本地
每个命令如果不熟悉参数可以使用 --help来帮助 如： [iyunv@Cobbler ~]# cobbler--help usage ===== cobbler<distro|profile|system|repo|image|mgmtclass|package|file> ... [add|edit|copy|getks*|list|remove|rename|report] [options|--help] cobbler <aclsetup|buildiso|import|list|replicate|report|reposync|sync|validateks|version|signature|get-loaders|hardlink>[options|--help] [iyunv@Cobbler ~]# cobblerimport --help Usage: cobbler [options]
Options: -h, --help show this help message and exit --arch=ARCH OS architecture being imported --breed=BREED the breed being imported --os-version=OS_VERSION the version beingimported --path=PATH local path or rsync location --name=NAME name, ex 'RHEL-5' --available-as=AVAILABLE_AS tree is here, don'tmirror --kickstart=KICKSTART_FILE assign this kickstartfile --rsync-flags=RSYNC_FLAGS pass additional flagsto rsync
3.2 导入镜像文件，使用命令cobbler import查看帮助信息 [iyunv@Cobbler~]# cobbler import --help Usage:cobbler [options]
Options: -h, --help show this help message and exit --arch=ARCH OS architecture being imported --breed=BREED the breed being imported --os-version=OS_VERSION the version being imported --path=PATH local path or rsync location --name=NAME name, ex 'RHEL-5' --available-as=AVAILABLE_AS tree is here, don't mirror --kickstart=KICKSTART_FILE assign this kickstart file --rsync-flags=RSYNC_FLAGS pass additional flags to rsync
现在开始导入: 挂载镜像文件到/media下 1
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| [iyunv@Cobbler~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/
mount:block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
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导入镜像 1
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| [iyunv@Cobbler~]# cobbler import --path=/media --name=CentOS6.4 --arch=x86_64
taskstarted: 2015-06-01_172716_import
taskstarted (id=Media import, time=Mon Jun 117:27:16 2015)
Founda candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Founda matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Addingdistros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64:
creatingnew distro: CentOS6.4-x86_64
tryingsymlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64 ->/var/www/cobbler/links/CentOS6.4-x86_64
creatingnew profile: CentOS6.4-x86_64
associatingrepos
checkingfor rsync repo(s)
checkingfor rhn repo(s)
checkingfor yum repo(s)
startingdescent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64 for CentOS6.4-x86_64
processingrepo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64
need toprocess repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64
lookingfor /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keepingrepodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64/repodata
***TASK COMPLETE ***
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查看导入的镜像： 1
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| [iyunv@Cobbler~]# cobbler distro list
CentOS6.4-x86_64
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# cobbler list
distros:
CentOS6.4-x86_64
profiles:
CentOS6.4-x86_64
systems:
repos:
images:
mgmtclasses:
packages:
files:
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3.3 生成kickstart文件，并绑定到profile中Kickstart的模版文件在/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts中，在导入镜像的时候不指定kickstart文件，就会使用默认的模版文件，现在我们拷贝 一份，进行自定义修改 1
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| [iyunv@Cobbler~]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts
[iyunv@Cobblerkickstarts]# cp sample.ks centos6.4x86_64.cfg
[iyunv@Cobbler kickstarts]# cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS6.4-x86_64--kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos6.4x86_64.cfg
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3.4修改centos6.4x86_64.cfg文件进行定制默认的kickstart文件sampl.ks注释： 1
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#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
# System authorization information
auth --useshadow --enablemd5 #用户登录认证
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr #mbr引导
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel#默认清除所以分区
# Use text mode install
text #默认以文本模式安装
# Firewall configuration
firewall --enabled #防火墙默认开启
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --disable #禁用启动代理
# System keyboard
keyboard us #默认英文键盘
# System language
lang en_US #默认语言英文
# Use network installation
url --url=$tree #网络安装路径
# If any cobbler repo definitions were referenced in thekickstart profile, include them here.
$yum_repo_stanza #默认的yum仓库
# Network information
$SNIPPET('network_config')
# Reboot after installation
reboot #安装完成后重启
#Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted #密码是我们/etc/cobbler/settings设置密码
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled #默认关闭selinux
# Do not configure the X Window System
skipx #默认没有安装图形界面
# System timezone
timezone America/New_York #默认时区是美国/纽约
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install #定义的是安装系统而不是升级系统
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr #默认清空所有的mbr
# Allow anaconda to partition the system as needed
autopart #默认自动分区
#下面就是Cobbler自定执行的一些脚本，我就不解释了。
%pre
$SNIPPET('log_ks_pre')
$SNIPPET('kickstart_start')
$SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config')
# Enable installation monitoring
$SNIPPET('pre_anamon')
%packages
$SNIPPET('func_install_if_enabled')
$SNIPPET('puppet_install_if_enabled')
%post
$SNIPPET('log_ks_post')
# Start yum configuration
$yum_config_stanza
# End yum configuration
$SNIPPET('post_install_kernel_options')
$SNIPPET('post_install_network_config')
$SNIPPET('func_register_if_enabled')
$SNIPPET('puppet_register_if_enabled')
$SNIPPET('download_config_files')
$SNIPPET('koan_environment')
$SNIPPET('redhat_register')
$SNIPPET('cobbler_register')
# Enable post-install boot notification
$SNIPPET('post_anamon')
# Start final steps
$SNIPPET('kickstart_done')
# End final steps
|
自定义的centos6.4x86_64.cfg文件 1
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| auth --useshadow --enablemd5
bootloader--location=mbr
clearpart--all --initlabel
text
firewall--enabled
firstboot--disable
keyboardus
langen_US
url--url=$tree
$yum_repo_stanza
$SNIPPET('network_config')
reboot
rootpw--iscrypted $default_password_crypted
selinux--disabled
skipx
timezone Asia/Shanghai
install
zerombr
autopart
part/boot --fstype="ext4" --size=200
partswap --fstype="swap" --size=4096
part /--fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1
%pre
$SNIPPET('log_ks_pre')
$SNIPPET('kickstart_start')
$SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config')
$SNIPPET('pre_anamon')
%packages
$SNIPPET('func_install_if_enabled')
$SNIPPET('puppet_install_if_enabled')
@base
@chinese-support
@development
@system-admin-tools
%post--nochroot
$SNIPPET('log_ks_post_nochroot')
%end
%post
$SNIPPET('log_ks_post')
$yum_config_stanza
$SNIPPET('post_install_kernel_options')
$SNIPPET('post_install_network_config')
$SNIPPET('func_register_if_enabled')
$SNIPPET('puppet_register_if_enabled')
$SNIPPET('download_config_files')
$SNIPPET('koan_environment')
$SNIPPET('redhat_register')
$SNIPPET('cobbler_register')
$SNIPPET('post_anamon')
$SNIPPET('kickstart_done')
|
3.5 重启cobbler，并同步1
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| [iyunv@Cobbler~]# service cobblerd restart
Stoppingcobbler daemon: [ OK ]
Startingcobbler daemon: [ OK ]
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# cobbler check
Noconfiguration problems found. All systemsgo.
[iyunv@Cobbler~]# cobbler sync
taskstarted: 2015-06-01_175813_sync
taskstarted (id=Sync, time=Mon Jun 117:58:13 2015)
runningpre-sync triggers
cleaningtrees
removing:/var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS6.4-x86_64
removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS6.4-x86_64
removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copyingbootloaders
tryinghardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi ->/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
tryinghardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi ->/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
copyingdistros to tftpboot
copyingfiles for distro: CentOS6.4-x86_64
tryinghardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz-> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS6.4-x86_64/vmlinuz
tryinghardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img-> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS6.4-x86_64/initrd.img
copyingimages
generatingPXE configuration files
generatingPXE menu structure
copyingfiles for distro: CentOS6.4-x86_64
tryinghardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz-> /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS6.4-x86_64/vmlinuz
tryinghardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img-> /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS6.4-x86_64/initrd.img
Writingtemplate files for CentOS6.4-x86_64
renderingDHCP files
generating/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
renderingTFTPD files
generating/etc/xinetd.d/tftp
processingboot_files for distro: CentOS6.4-x86_64
cleaninglink caches
renderingRsync files
runningpost-sync triggers
runningpython triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
runningpython trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running:dhcpd -t -q
receivedon stdout:
receivedon stderr:
running:service dhcpd restart
receivedon stdout: Shutting down dhcpd: [ OK ]
Startingdhcpd: [ OK ]
receivedon stderr:
runningshell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
runningpython triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
runningpython trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
runningshell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
***TASK COMPLETE ***
|
下面客户机就可以开机从网卡启动进行装系统了。
补充：cobbler添加pxe菜单密码1.生成hash密码 1
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| 支持两种不同类型的密码：
sha1passmypassword
或
opensslpasswd -1 -salt sXiKzkus mypassword
我这里选择后者
[iyunv@Cobblercobbler]# openssl passwd -1 -salt cobbler cobbler
$1$cobbler$M6SE55xZodWc9.vAKLJs6.
|
2.编辑配置文件pxedefault.template，添加如下红色部分 [iyunv@Cobblercobbler]# vim /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template DEFAULTmenu PROMPT0 MENU MASTERPASSWD $1$cobbler$M6SE55xZodWc9.vAKLJs6. TIMEOUT200 TOTALTIMEOUT6000 ONTIMEOUT$pxe_timeout_profile
LABELlocal MENU LABEL (local) MENU DEFAULT LOCALBOOT -1
$pxe_menu_items
MENUend 3.编辑pxeprofile文件，添加下面内容 [iyunv@Cobblercobbler]# vim /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxeprofile.template LABEL$profile_name MENU PASSWD kernel $kernel_path $menu_label $append_line ipappend 2 4.重新检查配置，并同步使其生效 1
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| [iyunv@Cobblercobbler]# cobbler check
[iyunv@Cobblercobbler]# cobbler sync
|
下次客户端装系统的时候，选择系统菜单时就需要输入密码了 3.cobbler相关目录和配置文件3.1 cobbler配置文件目录：/etc/cobbler/settings #cobbler主配置文件 /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template #DHCP服务的配置模板 /etc/cobbler/tftpd.template #tftp服务的配置模板 /etc/cobbler/rsync.template #rsync服务的配置模板 /etc/cobbler/iso #iso模板配置文件 /etc/cobbler/pxe #pxe模板文件 /etc/cobbler/power #电源的配置文件 /etc/cobbler/users.conf #Web服务授权配置文件 /etc/cobbler/users.digest #用于web访问的用户名密码配置文件 /etc/cobbler/dnsmasq.template #DNS服务的配置模板 /etc/cobbler/modules.conf #Cobbler模块配置文件 3.2 cobbler数据目录/var/lib/cobbler/config #配置文件 /var/lib/cobbler/triggers #Cobbler命令 /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts #默认存放kickstart文件 /var/lib/cobbler/loaders #存放的各种引导程序 /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases #dhcp租期缓存文件 /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default #pxe配置文件 /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts_*.ks #ks模板文件 3.3 系统镜像目录/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror #导入的系统镜像列表 /var/www/cobbler/images #导入的系统镜像启动文件 /var/www/cobbler/repo_mirror #yum源存储目录 3.4 日志目录/var/log/cobbler/install.log #客户端系统安装日志 /var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log #cobbler日志 4.cobbler的web端管理4.1 安装web端yuminstall cobbler-web -y
4.2 设置用户名和密码为已存在的用户cobbler重置密码
htdigest/etc/cobbler/users.digest "Cobbler" cobbler
添加新用户
htdigest/etc/cobbler/users.digest "Cobbler" your_newname
4.3修改配置文件，允许cobbler从web登录sed-i 's/authn_denyall/authn_configfile/g' /etc/cobbler/modules.conf
4.4重启Cobbler与http/etc/init.d/cobblerdrestart
/etc/init.d/httpdrestart
4.5访问cobbler web界面，配置管理在浏览器上输入http://cobber_ip/cobber_web打开web界面，输入刚才设置的用户名和密码，进入后台
后台界面：
下面开始导入镜像： 选择Import DVD， 在prefix项中要填写导入光盘的名字，只有不与先前的名字冲突，这里可以随意填。
在Arch项中选择光盘的类型，是i386、x86_64、ai64等。
在Breed项中选择系统的类型，CentOS、Debian、Ubuntu中的一种。
在Path项中填写光盘或ISO镜像包挂载的位置，路径一定要填写正确。
最后点击 run开始导入，过程很慢，可以通过日志查看导入状态 查看日志中的导入状态，可以发现正在运行，第二个是之前用命令导入的，现在状态为complate完成
等到state状态为complate时，导入已完成
查看生成的distros，若生成刚导入的系统，表示没问题，如没有生成需要查看日志，了解具体情况
下面我们开始配置kickstart文件。点击kickstart template，在右边点击创建新的kickstart文件，填写你准备好的kickstart内容即可
修改profile文件，让刚导入的镜像和刚创建的kickstart文件相关联，选择redhat6.4x86_64。点击edit
修改kickstart的路径，把刚才我们创建的kickstart的文件路径写进去，保存即可。
此就是cobbler简单的web配置。
| 
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