Linux之系统安装详解（centos[6|7]；ubuntu1804）

　　例如一块200G的硬盘，分区策略如下
　　/                           50G
　　/boot      1G
　　/data      30G
　　swap      2G(内存的两倍)

• 　　虚拟机安装CenTOS 6.9
  
  
  
  • 选择第一项
    https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/99869c6a1181f66284fd6d9621329683.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
    
    
  • 若介质安全可忽略完整性检测
    https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/859b6ebbc897880e10dcbecec346261a.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
    
    
  　　Ctrl+Alt+Enter（虚拟机进入全屏模式，退出亦是）
  
  
  
  • 选择安装语言和键盘布局
    https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/bd2dba82b8862823ee1fe3661bd15a2a.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
    
    
    https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/9bfe0f8b5e9d9ae5c50075bb4aa6e32a.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
    
    
  • 选择要安装到什么类型的设备上（DAS）
    https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/46729f5a65cbaddf721b782e4211a6e5.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
    
    
  • 初始化硬盘，擦除数据（确定数据无用执行）
    https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/d21461cd8b27d3209f6ae4288d20c626.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
    
    
  • 设置主机名称
    https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/e8678244dc1e005ff170969a6c51e3de.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
    
    
  • 设置时区，北京时间，UTC前✅去掉
    https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/168ad34ec063dd28b0c6f224bd31877c.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
    
    
  • 设置root口令
    
  
  

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• 自动以分区布局
  https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/30ef22fd4591b72fe83533f6d20a2e25.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
  
  　　Ctrl+Alt+F2(F1-F6,F6为图形界面)：可临时进入命令模式查看分区布局 fdisk -l，查看内存大小 cat /proc/meminfo(Shift+PgUp向上翻页)
  
• 开始分区与分区详情（两次确定格式刷）
  https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/bf32f4c7f750c0cb5a3c85ba2c7c5ad6.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
  
  

https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/1a3fec7b45140ef3828deca2663d0cb4.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=

• 此步骤默认即可，默认安装引导到sda
  https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/b084837b18a98100e8aa69b0140727d9.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
  
  
• 教学环境为Desktop安装，生产环境默认Minimal安装，后续安装用到的软件包，下面的选择定制安装。
  https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/be9a6ba8a594393138aafe4121b1d8bf.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
  
  
• 安装KDE桌面环境（如果不需要，上一步可选择后续定制安装）
  https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/802efc29a0d8a3da279a36bdfcc2826e.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
  
  
• 开始进行安装
  https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/b0cf67f54174f872d022e7e448c104df.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
  
  
• 安装完成后重启机器，进行设置向导，设置如下项目
  https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/506e5e8c5f77b2b9e40cf455ae0a8261.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
  
  
• 登录后界面
  https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/5779712e7897abc7263335e86bcc94c7.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
  
  
  
  
  • 虚拟机安装CenTOS7.4
    https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/12/1b10b515e84bf40767aad0d96a636f25.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=
    
    
  
  

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　　例如一块200G的硬盘，分区策略如下
　　/                           100G
　　/boot      1G
　　/data      50G
　　swap      2G(内存的两倍)
　　1.Ubuntu8104安装

https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201903/09/36e0adfc0ce0c899c223c67c69215f37.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=

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