ALTER INDEX ALL ON Employee
REORGANIZE
GO 两者的区别 Rebuilding an index drops and re-creates the index. This removes fragmentation, reclaims disk space by compacting the pages based on the specified or existing fill factor setting, and reorders the index rows in contiguous pages. When ALL is specified, all indexes on the table are dropped and rebuilt in a single transaction.
重新生成索引将会删除并重新创建索引。 这将根据指定的或现有的填充因子设置压缩页来删除碎片、回收磁盘空间,然后对连续页中的索引行重新排序。 如果指定 ALL,将删除表中的所有索引,然后在单个事务中重新生成。 Reorganizing an index uses minimal system resources. It defragments the leaf level of clustered and nonclustered indexes on tables and views by physically reordering the leaf-level pages to match the logical, left to right, order of the leaf nodes. Reorganizing also compacts the index pages. Compaction is based on the existing fill factor value.
重新组织索引使用最少系统资源重新组织索引。 通过对叶级页以物理方式重新排序,使之与叶节点的从左到右的逻辑顺序相匹配,进而对表和视图中的聚集索引和非聚集索引的叶级进行碎片整理。 重新组织还会压缩索引页。 压缩基于现有的填充因子值。 Rebuilding an index can be executed online or offline. Reorganizing an index is always executed online. To achieve availability similar to the reorganize option, you should rebuild indexes online.
rebulid index既可以在online又可以在offline下执行,而reorganize index只能在online下执行的。
Difference between rebuild index online and offline(PS:2012-9-11)
既然rebuild index既可以是online模式,也可以是offline模式,那么两者有什么区别呢。这个我们可以参考stackoverflow上面的一篇文章:What is the difference between OFFLINE and ONLINE index rebuild in SQL Server? 在这里我还是简要总结一下:
online模式下
rebuild index会复制旧索引来新建索引,此时旧的索引依然可以被读取和修改,但是所以在旧索引上的修改都会同步更新到新索引下。中间会有一些冲突解决机制,具体参考Online Index Operations 里面的Build Phase这一章节。然后在rebuild这个过程完整的时候,会对table上锁一段时间,在这段时间里会用新索引来替换旧索引,当这个过程完成以后再释放table上面的锁。如果索引列包含 LOB对象的话,在SQL Server 2005/2008/R2中rebuild index online会失败。在sql server 2012中,即使索引列包含LOB对象,也可以rebuild index online了,可以参考 Online Index Operations for indexes containing LOB columns.