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Nagios 系统监控管理篇 一、安装准备: RPM包：gcc, perl, gd, gd-devel, jpeg, jpeg-devel,libpng, libpng-devel, openssl, openssl-devel 软件包：httpd-2.2.6.tar.gz, php-5.3.4.tar.gz, pnp-latest.tar.gz, rrdtool-1.0.50.tar.gz mysql-5. 5.6.tar.gz,nagios-2.9.tar.gz, nagios-plugins-1.4.9.tar.gz, nrpe-2.12.tar.gz check_traffic.tar.gz, nagiosgraph.tar.gz 二、监控端安装过程： 1、RPM包安装： yum –y installgcc perl gd gd-devel jpeg jpeg-devellibpng libpng-devel openssl openssl-devel net-snmp cgi rrdtool rrdtool-devel 2、基本软件包安装： 1)Apache安装： tar zxvfhttpd-2.2.6.tar.gz cd httpd-2.2.6 ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/app/apache2 make && make install 2)Mysql安装： tar zxvfmysql-5. 5.6.tar.gz mv mysql-5.5.6 /usr/local/mysql groupadd mysql useradd -d /usr/local/mysql –s/sbin/nologin –g mysql chown –R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql mkdir –p /u1/mysql/data mkdir –p /u1/mysql/log chown –R mysql:mysql /u1/mysql cd /usr/local/mysql #修改主配置文件my.cnf basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir =/u1/mysql/data bind-address =192.168.0.210 port = 3306 socket =/tmp/mysql.sock log-bin =/u1/mysql/logs/mysql-bin innodb_log_group_home_dir = /u1/mysql/logs ./scripts/mysql_install_db –user=mysql–defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf#有提示输入y cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &#后台启动mysql服务,ctrl+c退出或者Enter退出 vim /etc/profile#设环境变量,添加如下内容（重启生效） PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/ export PATH mysql#登录数据库（正确登录，表示安装完成） vim start.sh#建立启动脚本文件，添加如下一行内容 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld--defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf & chmod +x start.sh#添加可执行权限
3）php安装： mkdir –p /usr/local/app/php tar zxvf php-5.4.8.tar.gz cd php-5.4.8 yuminstall bison ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/app/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-apxs2=/usr/local/app/apache2/bin/apxs --with-gd--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-zlib-dir=/usr/lib--with-png-dir=/usr/lib --with-freetype-dir=/usr/include/freetype2 --enable-sockets--enable-ftp --enable-mbstring
libtool --finish /u1/tool/php-5.4.8/libs make&& make install cp php.ini-development /usr/local/app/php/lib/php.ini cd /usr/local/app/php/etc cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
4）nagios安装： mkdir /usr/local/nagios groupadd nagios useradd –g nagios nagios chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios tar -zxvf nagios-2.9.tar.gz cd nagios-2.9 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-gd-lib=/usr/local/lib --with-gd-inc=/usr/local/include make all make install #安装主程序,CGI和HTML文件 make install-init #在/etc/rc.d/init.d安装启动脚本 make install-commandmode #配置目录权限 make install-config #安装示例配置文件,安装的路径是#/usr/local/nagios/etc 5）插件nagios-plugins安装： tar -zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.9.tar.gz cd nagios-plugins-1.4.9 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/--enable-redhat-pthread-workaround make && makeinstall 1)注意：在redhat系统上面安装可能出现configure时，到这里checking for redhat spopen problem...就不动了，所以需要在configure时再加上--enable-redhat-pthread-workaround; 6）插件nagiosgraph安装： tar–zxvf nagiosgraph.tar.gz cp–a nagiosgraph /usr/local/nagios/. 7）插件check_traffic安装： tar –zxvf check_traffic.tar.gz cpcheck_traffic/check_traffic /usr/local/nagios/libexec/. 8）插件nrpe安装： tar –zxvf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz cd nrpe-2.12 ./configure --enable-command-args make all make install-plugin make install-daemon make install-daemon-config /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe-c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d #启动nrpe服务 /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost #以下均为测试 /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.0.208 -c check_cpu /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe-H 192.168.0.208 -c check_mem /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe-H 192.168.0.208 -c check_disk -a /home
3、基本配置： 1）修改apache配置: /usr/local/app/apache2/conf/httpd.conf user nagios group nagios ServerName 192.168.0.201 index.php #不加此无法打开页面 AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml #这两行是添加对php的支持 AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps #setting for nagios ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin "/usr/local/nagios/sbin"
Options ExecCGI AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all AuthName "Nagios Access" AuthType Basic AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd Require valid-user
Alias /nagios "/usr/local/nagios/share"
Options None AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all AuthName "Nagios Access" AuthType Basic AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd Require valid-user
#配置好后添加用户用如下命令： /usr/local/app/apache2/bin/htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd test New password:123456 Re-type new password: 123456 Adding password for user test less /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd #查看用户认证文件 test:OmWGEsBnoGpIc #格式：用户名：密码
2）Nagios主要配置： Nagios主要配置说明： /usr/local/nagios/etc cgi.cfg #web界面配置文件（基本无需修改） contacts.cfg #联系人定义文件（基本无需修改） log.conf #日志配置文件（基本无需修改） nagios.cfg #nagios主配置文件 resource.cfg #资源配置文件（基本无需修改）
/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects commands.cfg #命令解析文件 templates.cfg #服务模版文件（无需修改） timeperiods.cfg #监视时段配置文件
/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/gy hosts.cfg #配置被监控主机文件 service.cfg #配置被监控服务文件
3）具体配置实例（略）
4、检测，启动与登录： 1）启动前必须的步骤：检测 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg Total Warnings: 0 Total Errors: 0 #出现这样的信息表示配置正确，可以启动 2）启动： /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg 3）登录： http://192.168.0.201/nagios/ user:test password: 123456
三、被监控端的安装过程： 1）安装过程： mkdir –p /usr/local/nagios groupadd nagios useradd nagios –d/usr/local/nagios –s /sbin/nologin –g nagios yum install openssl openssl-devel tar -zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.9.tar.gz cd nagios-plugins-1.4.9 ./configure --enable-redhat-pthread-workaround make && make install chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/libexec tar –zxvf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz cd nrpe-2.12 ./configure --enable-command-args make all make install-plugin make install-daemon make install-daemon-config cd /usr/local/nagios vim start.sh /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d chmod +x start.sh
2）配置nrpe.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg server_port=5666 nrpe_user=nagios nrpe_group=nagios allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.0.201 dont_blame_nrpe=1 debug=0 command_timeout=60 connection_timeout=300 # The following examples use hardcoded commandarguments... command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users-w 5 -c 10 command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load-w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20 command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda1 #command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs-w 5 -c 10 -s Z command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs-w 150 -c 200 command[check_cpu]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_cpu -w 40-c 20 -s 3 command[check_cpuidle]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_cpuidle-w 30 -c 20 -s 3 command[check_disk_root]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w 20% -c 10% -p / command[check_disk_home]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w 20% -c 10% -p /home command[check_disk_u1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w 20% -c 10% -p /u1 command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs-w 150 -c 200 command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap -w80% -c 70% command[check_mem]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mem command[check_io]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_io #command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users-w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ #command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load-w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ command[check_disk]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w20% -c 10% -p $ARG1$ #command[check_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs-w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ -s $ARG3$
3）其他被监控主机安装：（简化安装） yum install openssl openssl-devel cd /usr/local/ scp -r 192.168.0.100:/usr/local/nagios /usr/local/ cd /usr/local/nagios/ groupadd nagios useradd -g nagios -d /usr/local/nagios -s /sbin/nologinnagios chown -R nagios:nagios nagios . vim start.sh /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d chmod +x start.sh 附管理界面：
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