测试使用cobbler服务

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                      测试使用cobbler服务

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一、基础环境 1、在tvm-base-centos66的基础上，复制一个镜像为tvm-cobbler来测试。 2、网络： eth0：host-only（用于虚拟内网，手动固定IP，这样从宿主机可以直接连接到这个vm） eth1：NAT（用于上外网，动态IP） [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ [iyunv@tvm-cobbler network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 TYPE=Ethernet ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=yes BOOTPROTO=none IPADDR=192.168.56.252 PREFIX=24 GATEWAY=192.168.56.1 [iyunv@tvm-cobbler network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth1 DEVICE=eth1 TYPE=Ethernet ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=yes BOOTPROTO=dhcp 二、配置cobbler环境 1、安装 因为局域网的yum源还没有同步epel的源，目前用公网的epel源： [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/ ... ease-6-8.noarch.rpm [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# yum makecache [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web httpd dhcp rsync tftp-server  pykickstart xinetd syslinux cman 2、配置 安装后： [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# ls /etc/cobbler/ auth.conf               dnsmasq.template        named.template  secondary.template  zone.template cheetah_macros          import_rsync_whitelist  power           settings            zone_templates cobbler_bash            iso                     pxe             tftpd.template completions             ldap                    reporting       users.conf dhcp.template           modules.conf            rsync.exclude   users.digest distro_signatures.json  mongodb.conf            rsync.template  version 先生成一个密码串： [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt 'tvm-cobbler' Password: （TestVM） $1$tvm-cobb$RD9M3INq6sjYzh5Vrbf4S/ 更新http的密码： [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# htdigest /etc/cobbler/users.digest "relbboc" cobbler Adding user cobbler in realm relbboc New password: （relbboc） Re-type new password:（relbboc） 也可以通过这种方式来测试： #    authn_testing    -- username/password is always testing/testing (debug) [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# sed 's/ = authn_configfile/ = authn_testing/' /etc/cobbler/modules.conf 调整防火墙，允许： tcp 80 443 25151 udp 69 sed -i -e 's|@dists=.*|#@dists=|'  /etc/debmirror.conf sed -i -e 's|@arches=.*|#@arches=|'  /etc/debmirror.conf 调整配置： [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings default_password_crypted: "$1$tvm-cobb$RD9M3INq6sjYzh5Vrbf4S/" manage_dhcp: 1 manage_tftpd: 1 manage_rsync: 1 next_server: 192.168.56.252             # 接管DHCP服务器后，指定cobbler服务器的IP server: 192.168.56.252                  # cobbler服务器IP [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template subnet 192.168.56.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {      option routers             192.168.56.252;      option domain-name-servers 192.168.56.254;      option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;      range dynamic-bootp        192.168.56.150 192.168.56.199;                  [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# sed -i 's/yes/no/' /etc/xinetd.d/rsync [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# service xinetd restart 先check一下，然后按照提示检查配置。 [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# cobbler check [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# service cobblerd restart [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# cobbler sync 开机启动： chkconfig httpd on 3、导入os镜像 [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# mount -o loop /dev/scd0 /mnt   [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=CentOS-6.5-x86_64 task started: 2015-07-16_171121_import task started (id=Media import, time=Thu Jul 16 17:11:21 2015) （等待导入完成） Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6 Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6 Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.5-x86_64: creating new distro: CentOS-6.5-x86_64 trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.5-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/CentOS-6.5-x86_64 creating new profile: CentOS-6.5-x86_64 associating repos checking for rsync repo(s) checking for rhn repo(s) checking for yum repo(s) starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.5-x86_64 for CentOS-6.5-x86_64 processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.5-x86_64 need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.5-x86_64 looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.5-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.5-x86_64/repodata *** TASK COMPLETE *** [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# umount /mnt/ [iyunv@tvm-cobbler ~]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/ 4、调整profiles配置。 [iyunv@tvm-cobbler kickstarts]# cp -a sample_end.ks CentOS-6.5-x86_64.ks 查看我修改了哪些配置： [iyunv@tvm-cobbler kickstarts]# diff sample_end.ks CentOS-6.5-x86_64.ks                            21c21 < lang en_US --- > lang en_US.UTF-8 38c38 < timezone  America/New_York --- > timezone  Asia/Shanghai 44c44,48 < autopart --- > #autopart > part /boot --bytes-per-inode=4096 --fstype="ext4" --size=200 > part swap --bytes-per-inode=4096 --fstype="swap" --size=4096 > part / --bytes-per-inode=4096 --fstype="ext4" --size=1 --grow > 55a60,65 > @Base > @Development Tools > @Chinese-Support > ntp > lrzsz > git 75a86,124 > > ### repo ### > # > mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /tmp/ \ > && wget http://mirrors.office.test/local-office.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo \ > && yum makecache > > ### ssh config ### > # > mv /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config.old \ > && cat  > /etc/ssh/sshd_config << "_SSHD" > \# added by cobbler > Port 22 > Protocol 2 > SyslogFacility AUTHPRIV > \#PasswordAuthentication no > \#PermitRootLogin no > ChallengeResponseAuthentication no > GSSAPIAuthentication no > GSSAPICleanupCredentials no > UsePAM yes > AcceptEnv LANG LC_CTYPE LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME LC_COLLATE LC_MONETARY LC_MESSAGES > AcceptEnv LC_PAPER LC_NAME LC_ADDRESS LC_TELEPHONE LC_MEASUREMENT > AcceptEnv LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_ALL LANGUAGE > AcceptEnv XMODIFIERS > X11Forwarding yes > UseDNS no > Subsystem       sftp    /usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server > _SSHD > > ### datetime ### > # > cat > /var/spool/cron/root << "_CRON" > \# [daily] > \# added by cobbler > */20 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate ntp.office.test >/dev/null 2>&1 & > _CRON > > [iyunv@tvm-cobbler kickstarts]# cobbler profile edit \ --name=CentOS-6.5-x86_64 \ --distro=CentOS-6.5-x86_64 \ --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-6.5-x86_64.ks 修改配置后，记得要sync一下来生效 [iyunv@tvm-cobbler kickstarts]# cobbler sync *** TASK COMPLETE *** 上述文字结尾表示正常。 验证 [iyunv@tvm-cobbler kickstarts]# cobbler validateks task started: 2015-07-17_175218_validateks task started (id=Kickstart Validation, time=Fri Jul 17 17:52:18 2015) ---------------------------- osversion: rhel6 checking url: http://192.168.56.252/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS-6.5-x86_64 running: /usr/bin/ksvalidator -v "rhel6" "http://192.168.56.252/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS-6.5-x86_64" received on stdout: received on stderr: ---------------------------- osversion: rhel6 checking url: http://192.168.56.252/cblr/svc/op/ks/system/cobbler-test running: /usr/bin/ksvalidator -v "rhel6" "http://192.168.56.252/cblr/svc/op/ks/system/cobbler-test" received on stdout: received on stderr: *** all kickstarts seem to be ok *** *** TASK COMPLETE *** 也可以这样： [iyunv@tvm-cobbler kickstarts]# curl http://192.168.56.252/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS-6.5-x86_64 （略） # End final steps %end 上述文字结尾表示正常。 可以这样查看已经更改后的profiles的状态： [iyunv@tvm-cobbler kickstarts]# cobbler profile report --name CentOS-6.5-x86_64 [iyunv@tvm-cobbler kickstarts]# cat /var/lib/cobbler/config/profiles.d/CentOS-6.5-x86_64.json |python -m simplejson.tool 5、调整systems配置 针对指定的客户端来指定系统配置。 咱们来试着针对指定的mac地址做一个system方面的个性化配置： [iyunv@tvm-cobbler kickstarts]# cobbler system edit \ --name=cobbler-test \ --profile=CentOS-6.5-x86_64 \ --hostname=tvm-test \ --interface=eth0 \ --mac=08:00:27:BF:43:92 \ --ip-address=192.168.56.200 \ --subnet=255.255.255.0 \ --gateway=192.168.56.252 \ --static=1 \ --name-servers=192.168.56.254 [iyunv@tvm-cobbler kickstarts]# cobbler system list    cobbler-test [iyunv@tvm-cobbler kickstarts]# cobbler system report --name=cobbler-test [iyunv@tvm-cobbler kickstarts]# cobbler sync 二、在virtualbox上新建一个虚拟机来测试。 1、调整网卡，使用host-only，且去掉dhcp服务器的功能。 2、启动测试的虚拟机tvm-client1，按F12，按L键，进入pxe启动模式 三、FAQ Q：客户端从PXE启动后，弹出蓝色菜单要选择，意味着ks没有起作用，故障在哪里？ A：检查以下内容： ------------------------------------------------------------- 试着浏览器或者curl访问下述URL： [iyunv@tvm-cobbler kickstarts]# curl http://192.168.56.252/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS-6.5-x86_64 如果有错误，则会提示： # This kickstart had errors that prevented it from being rendered correctly. # The cobbler.log should have information relating to this failure. 此时可以查看日志： [iyunv@tvm-cobbler kickstarts]# tail /var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log    ------------------------------------------------------------- ZYXW、参考 1、CENTOS6.5安装和配置COBBLER 2.4 http://blog.hackroad.com/operati ... x_server/11353.html