linux安装curl、git、ruby、mysql、postgreSQL、OpenSSL、Redis、ImagMagck、RubyGems、Bundler

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　　Installing on Debian
　　Versions
　　These instructions are for Debian Lenny 5.0 or Squeeze 6.0. You will need to make sure that your username is on the sudo authorized list located at '/etc/sudoers'.
　　Build Tools
　　To install build tools, run the following (includes the gcc and xml parsing dependencies):
　　sudo apt-get install build-essential libxslt1.1 libxslt1-dev libxml2 libreadline5-dev
　　CURL
　　You need to install the "dev" headers.
　　To install them, run the following:
　　sudo apt-get install curl libcurl4-openssl-dev
　　Git
　　To install Git on Debian 6.0, run the following:
　　sudo apt-get install git-core
　　To install Git 1.7 on Debian 5.0, add Debian Backports repository and install it. Instructions: http://backports.debian.org/Instructions/
　　sudo apt-get install -t lenny-backports git-core
　　Ruby
　　RVM
　　You can install Ruby on a clean per user basis via RVM. This is currently recommended to get the latest Rubygems version.
　　curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
　　# load rvm here - search the output of previous command
　　rvm install 1.9.3-p125 # install correct ruby version
　　These instructions are from https://rvm.io/rvm/install/.
　　You still need a system Ruby so run:
　　sudo apt-get install ruby-full
　　To install RVM and Ruby 1.9.3, as your normal user (the one which Diaspora should run under), run (I was getting an error so I had to run curl -k which told me to "echo insecure >> ~/.curlrc")
　　For Debian 6.0 users who wish to install Ruby 1.9.3 (or any edition for that matter) on RVM, compile may fail due to openssl version higher than 1.0.0. For that, run:
　　rvm pkg install openssl
　　rvm remove ruby-1.9.3-p125 #just in case
　　rvm install ruby-1.9.3-p125 --with-openssl-dir=$rvm_path/usr
　　MySQL
　　This installs MySQL, you also need the libmysqlclient-dev and libmysql-ruby packages.
　　sudo apt-get install mysql-server libmysqlclient-dev libmysql-ruby
　　PostgreSQL
　　This installs libraries for PostgreSQL support.
　　sudo apt-get install libpq-dev libpq5
　　OpenSSL
　　You already have OpenSSL installed but you need the libssl-dev and libopenssl-ruby package too:
　　sudo apt-get install libssl-dev libopenssl-ruby
　　For Debian 6.0 and later, libopenssl-ruby is provided through the virtual package libruby or libruby1.8.
　　ImageMagick
　　To install ImageMagick, run the following:
　　sudo apt-get install imagemagick libmagick9-dev
　　Note that libmagick9-dev is provided through libmagickwand-dev.
　　Redis
　　NOTE: I have Diaspora running with the Debian 6 stable repositories version of redis-server, without any problems - joaomlneto (jd.com user: anatoly)
　　Debian 6.0 stable repositories have an older version of Redis. If you are running Debian Testing, you can use the repository:
　　sudo apt-get install redis-server
　　Otherwise, if you're running Stable, you should get the newest version directly. If you're running a 64-bit system, run:
　　wget http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/r/redis/redis-server_2.4.9-1_amd64.deb -O redis-server.deb
　　wget http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/j/jemalloc/libjemalloc1_2.2.5-2_amd64.deb -O libjemalloc1.deb
　　If you're running a 32-bit system, run:
　　wget http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/r/redis/redis-server_2.4.9-1_i386.deb -O redis-server.deb
　　wget http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/j/jemalloc/libjemalloc1_2.2.5-2_i386.deb -O libjemalloc1.deb
　　Then install the corresponding package
　　sudo dpkg -i libjemalloc1.deb
　　sudo dpkg -i redis-server.deb
　　Note about libjemalloc1 on Debian Squeeze
　　If you have problems getting the required lib multiarch-support installed, try installing it with aptitude and reinstall redis-server:
　　sudo aptitude install multiarch-support
　　sudo aptitude install redis-server
　　RubyGems
　　Not needed for a RVM installation. To install RubyGems, run the following:
　　wget http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/r/rubygems/rubygems_1.8.24-1_all.deb -O rubygems.deb && sudo dpkg -i rubygems.deb
　　Bundler
　　To install Bundler, run the following, (skip the sudo for a RVM installation):
　　sudo gem install bundler
　　If you installed via RVM and gem is not found, run the following
　　bash -l
　　rvm use ruby-1.9.3-p125@global
　　To get bundle to work with the system Ruby, you might need to make a symbolic link:
　　sudo ln -s /var/lib/gems/1.8/bin/bundle /usr/local/bin/bundle
　　This is not needed on Debian 5.0 when ruby is installed from source.
　　ffi
　　Note: If you get an error in the next step try to run
　　sudo apt-get install libffi-ruby libffi-dev
　　and try the step again.
　　SQLite libraries and header files
　　sudo apt-get install libsqlite3-dev
　　NodeJS
　　You will also need nodejs. Currently this is not available in the stable release of debian 6 so here are instructions on installing from source.
　　git clone https://github.com/joyent/node.git
　　cd node
　　git checkout v0.6.8
　　./configure --openssl-libpath=/usr/lib/ssl
　　make
　　make test
　　sudo make install
　　These instructions are from http://sekati.com/etc/install-nodejs-on-debian-squeeze
　　Last of all, you need to install the execjs gem
　　sudo gem install execjs
　　Congrats! You have all your dependencies installed. Go back to Installing and Running Diaspora.
　　
　　参考地址: https://github.com/diaspora/diaspora/wiki/Installing-on-Debian