java使用Apache POI操作excel文件

qianqianling

• 官方介绍
  

HSSF is the POI Project's pure Java implementation of the Excel '97(-2007) file format. XSSF is the POI Project's pure Java implementation of the Excel 2007 OOXML (.xlsx) file format.

从官方文档中了解到：POI提供的HSSF包用于操作 Excel '97(-2007)的.xls文件，而XSSF包则用于操作Excel2007之后的.xslx文件。

• 需要的jar包
  

POI官网上下载包并解压获取java操作excel文件必须的jar包：



其中dom4j-1.6.1.jar和xbean.jar（下载地址：http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache/xmlbeans/binaries/   网站：http://xmlbeans.apache.org
）并不包含在POI提供的jar包中，需要单独下载，否则程序会抛出异常：java.lang.ClassNotFoundException:org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlOptions。

• 具体代码
  

在Eclipse中创建一个java project，将上面列出来的jar包都加入到工程的classpath中，否则引用不到jar包会报错。

直接上代码（代码基本框架来自Apache POI官方网站，自行调整部分）：

创建excel文件并写入内容：




public static void createWorkbook() throws IOException {
Workbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
String safeName1 = WorkbookUtil.createSafeSheetName("[O'sheet1]");
Sheet sheet1 = wb.createSheet(safeName1);
CreationHelper createHelper = wb.getCreationHelper();
// Create a row and put some cells in it. Rows are 0 based.
Row row = sheet1.createRow((short) 0);
// Create a cell and put a value in it.
Cell cell = row.createCell(0);
cell.setCellValue(1234);
// Or do it on one line.
row.createCell(2).setCellValue(
createHelper.createRichTextString("This is a string"));
row.createCell(3).setCellValue(true);
// we style the second cell as a date (and time). It is important to
// create a new cell style from the workbook otherwise you can end up
// modifying the built in style and effecting not only this cell but
// other cells.
CellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
cellStyle.setDataFormat(createHelper.createDataFormat().getFormat(
"m/d/yy h:mm"));
cell = row.createCell(1);
cell.setCellValue(new Date());
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
// you can also set date as java.util.Calendar
CellStyle cellStyle1 = wb.createCellStyle();
cellStyle1.setDataFormat(createHelper.createDataFormat().getFormat(
"yyyyMMdd HH:mm:ss"));
cellStyle1.setBorderBottom(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
cellStyle1.setBottomBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());
cellStyle1.setBorderLeft(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
cellStyle1.setLeftBorderColor(IndexedColors.GREEN.getIndex());
cellStyle1.setBorderRight(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
cellStyle1.setRightBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLUE.getIndex());
cellStyle1.setBorderTop(CellStyle.BORDER_MEDIUM_DASHED);
cellStyle1.setTopBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex());
cell = row.createCell(4);
cell.setCellValue(Calendar.getInstance());
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle1);
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("e:/test/workbook.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
}
　　读取excel文件的内容：



public static void readExcel() throws InvalidFormatException, IOException {
// Use a file
Workbook wb1 = WorkbookFactory.create(new File("e:/test/userinfo.xls"));

Sheet sheet = wb1.getSheetAt(0);
// Decide which rows to process
// int rowStart = Math.min(10, sheet.getFirstRowNum());
// int rowEnd = Math.max(40, sheet.getLastRowNum());
int rowStart = sheet.getLastRowNum();
int rowEnd = sheet.getLastRowNum() + 1;
logger.info(sheet.getFirstRowNum());
logger.info(sheet.getLastRowNum());
for (int rowNum = rowStart; rowNum < rowEnd; rowNum++) {
Row r = sheet.getRow(rowNum);
int lastColumn = Math.max(r.getLastCellNum(), 10);
logger.info(lastColumn);
// To get the contents of a cell, you first need to know what kind
// of cell it is (asking a string cell for its numeric contents will
// get you a NumberFormatException for example). So, you will want
// to switch on the cell's type, and then call the appropriate
// getter for that cell.
for (int cn = 0; cn < lastColumn; cn++) {
// Cell cell = r.getCell(cn, Row.RETURN_BLANK_AS_NULL);
Cell cell = r.getCell(cn);
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
logger.info(cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString());
break;
case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
if (DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
logger.info(cell.getDateCellValue());
} else {
logger.info(cell.getNumericCellValue());
}
break;
case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
logger.info(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
break;
case Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:
logger.info(cell.getCellFormula());
break;
default:
logger.info("empty");
}
}
}
}
　　
　　下面给出一个具体的例子，实例中的excel文件内容如下：



我们的程序要做的事情是：根据第一行标题的顺序来读取每一行文件的内容，实际标题和内容的顺序是不确定的，但是我们要求按照给定的顺序输出文件内容。

代码如下：




public static void readUserInfo() throws InvalidFormatException,
IOException {
String[] titles = { "收费编号", "收费性质", "姓名", "家庭住址", "工作单位", "电话", "手机",
"小区楼号", "单元号", "楼层", "房间号", "建筑面积（㎡）", "面积依据", "A面积", "A超",
"A轻体", "B面积", "B超", "B轻体", "用户编号", "所属楼前表表号" };
//用来存储标题和顺序的map，key为标题，value为顺序号
Map titleMap = new HashMap();
//将既定顺序写入map
for (int i=0 ; i 2) {
int index = str.indexOf("E");
int power = Integer.parseInt(str.substring(index + 1));
BigDecimal value = new BigDecimal(str.substring(0, index));
value = value.movePointRight(power);
result = value.toString();
} else {
if (str.indexOf(".0") > 0)
result = str.substring(0, str.indexOf(".0"));
else
result = str;
}
return result;
}
　　目前对于POI的应用只限于此，并没有再深入，以后写了新的相关内容会继续补充，请大大们批评指正！
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