kvm虚拟机的克隆和分区扩容

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一、虚拟机的克隆

1.通过命令克隆虚拟机

a.关闭虚拟机

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[iyunv@kvm ~]# virsh list Id    Name                           State ---------------------------------------------------- 1     vm1                            running [iyunv@kvm ~]# virsh shutdown vm1 Domain vm1 is being shutdown [iyunv@kvm ~]# virsh list --all Id    Name                           State ---------------------------------------------------- -     vm1                            shut off

b.使用命令克隆虚拟机

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[iyunv@kvm ~]# virt-clone -o vm1 -n vm2 -f /data/kvm/hosts/vm2.img Cloning vm1.qcow2                                                                                                                       | 1.6 GB     00:33      Clone 'vm2' created successfully. #参数说明 -o  表示要从哪个源进行clone -n  表示新虚拟机的名称 -f  表示新虚拟机使用的disk文件(会自动创建)

二、对磁盘分区进行扩容

1 2	#安装工具 [iyunv@kvm ~]# yum -y install libguestfs-tools

1.查看原分区信息

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[iyunv@kvm ~]# qemu-img info /data/kvm/hosts/vm2.img image: /data/kvm/hosts/vm2.img file format: qcow2 virtual size: 10G (10737418240 bytes) disk size: 1.6G cluster_size: 65536 [iyunv@kvm ~]# virt-df -h /data/kvm/hosts/vm2.img Filesystem                                Size       Used  Available  Use% vm2.img:/dev/sda1                         484M        32M       428M    7% vm2.img:/dev/VolGroup/lv_root             8.4G       806M       7.2G   10%

2.生成一个5G大小的qcow2磁盘

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[iyunv@kvm ~]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /data/kvm/hosts/vm2_img_add.qcow2 5G Formatting '/data/kvm/hosts/vm2_img_add.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=5368709120 encryption=off cluster_size=65536 [iyunv@kvm ~]# ll /data/kvm/hosts/ total 4918548 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1737490432 Jul 30 10:00 vm1.qcow2 -rwxr-xr-x 1 qemu qemu  1737687040 Jul 30 10:38 vm2.img -rw-r--r-- 1 root root      197120 Jul 30 10:38 vm2_img_add.qcow2 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10737418240 Jul 29 17:52 vm2.raw

3.新增配置文件

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[iyunv@kvm ~]# virsh edit vm2 <disk type='file' device='disk'>       <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2' cache='none'/>       <source file='/data/kvm/hosts/vm2_img_add.qcow2'/>       #这里注意盘符，不要有重复       <target dev='vdb' bus='virtio'/>       #注意这里的槽位       <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x07' function='0x0'/> </disk>

4.重启vm2进行分区

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[iyunv@kvm ~]# virsh list Id    Name                           State ---------------------------------------------------- 2     vm2                            running [iyunv@kvm ~]# virsh reboot vm2 #查看磁盘信息 [iyunv@vm2 ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/vda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 20805 cylinders Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00007d4b    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/vda1   *           3        1018      512000   83  Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/vda2            1018       20806     9972736   8e  Linux LVM Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. #这是我们刚添加的磁盘 Disk /dev/vdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes 16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10402 cylinders Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 9168 MB, 9168748544 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1114 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 1040 MB, 1040187392 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 126 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000

5.将磁盘vdb设置成lvm格式

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[iyunv@vm2 ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x362268c6. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to          switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to          sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): n Command action    e   extended    p   primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-10402, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-10402, default 10402): Using default value 10402 Command (m for help): t Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM) Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [iyunv@vm2 ~]# partx call: partx -opts [device] wholedisk

6.创建pv,扩展lvm

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[iyunv@vm2 ~]# pvcreate /dev/vdb1   Physical volume "/dev/vdb1" successfully created [iyunv@vm2 ~]# pvs   PV         VG       Fmt  Attr PSize PFree   /dev/vda2  VolGroup lvm2 a--  9.51g    0   /dev/vdb1           lvm2 a--  5.00g 5.00g [iyunv@vm2 ~]# vgs   VG       #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize VFree   VolGroup   1   2   0 wz--n- 9.51g    0 #扩展vg大小 [iyunv@vm2 ~]# vgextend  VolGroup /dev/vdb1   Volume group "VolGroup" successfully extended [iyunv@vm2 ~]# vgs   VG       #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree   VolGroup   2   2   0 wz--n- 14.50g 5.00g        #扩大了5G空间 #调整大小前分区挂载信息如下 [iyunv@vm2 ~]# df -h Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root                       8.5G  806M  7.2G  10% /                #只有8.5G tmpfs                 246M     0  246M   0% /dev/shm /dev/vda1             485M   32M  428M   7% /boot         #调整lvm大小 [iyunv@vm2 ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/VolGroup/lv_root   Extending logical volume lv_root to 13.54 GiB   Logical volume lv_root successfully resized [iyunv@vm2 ~]# resize2fs  /dev/VolGroup/lv_root resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem at /dev/VolGroup/lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1 Performing an on-line resize of /dev/VolGroup/lv_root to 3548160 (4k) blocks. The filesystem on /dev/VolGroup/lv_root is now 3548160 blocks long. #再次查看挂载信息 [iyunv@vm2 ~]# df -h Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root                        14G  808M   12G   7% /            #分区大小已经调整到了14G tmpfs                 246M     0  246M   0% /dev/shm /dev/vda1             485M   32M  428M   7% /boot #在宿主机上查看vm2的磁盘信息 [iyunv@kvm ~]# virt-df -h /data/kvm/hosts/vm2.img /data/kvm/hosts/vm2_img_add.qcow2 Filesystem                                Size       Used  Available  Use% vm2.img+:/dev/sda1                        484M        32M       428M    7% vm2.img+:/dev/VolGroup/lv_root             13G       808M        12G    6%