Apache Thrift学习小记

zhangli-s · 发表于 2015-7-31 13:27:42

http://blog.iyunv.com/images/authorship.gif  Apache Thrift学习小记收藏
   　　参考：
　　http://incubator.apache.org/thrift/
　　http://wiki.apache.org/thrift/FrontPage
　　http://jnb.ociweb.com/jnb/jnbJun2009.html非常好的入门教程
　　http://developers.facebook.com/thrift/thrift-20070401.pdfthrift开发者写的论文
　　Thrift是个啥东东？
　　来自wiki.apache.org/thrift/FrontPage的定义
　　Thrift is a software framework for scalable cross-language services development.
　　Thrift是为了实现跨语言服务访问的一个框架
　　Thrift allows you to define data types and service interfaces in a simple definition file.
　　Thrift定义了数据和服务的描述方式，是一种IDL
　　Taking that file as input, the compiler generates code to be used to  easily build RPC clients and servers that communicate seamlessly across  programming languages.
　　写一个定义文件，就可以使用thrift来生成某种语言RPC客户端和服务端程序框架。你只需要考虑如何实现你的服务就可以了。并且它支持很多种语言。
　　这有点像web service, 定义好一个web service服务描述文件后，可以使用如axis等工具生成服务器端或客户端的框架程序。
　　为什么还需要Thrift
　　thrift-20070401.pdf中有解释。
　　1、多语言开发的需要
　　比如其中提到的搜索服务，LAMP本身没有这个功能，开发者可能使用C++开发，php如何访问这个服务呢？于是需要有一种高效的跨语言访问的方法。
　　2、性能问题
　　web service也可以实现多语言互访问的功能，但xml文件太大，性能不行。Thrift可以使用二进值的格式。
　　开始测试
　　实现一个简单的服务，就是根据loginName得到User, user中有userId,loginName, name, password
　　第一步，写Thrift IDL文件，user.thrift，


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namespace java mytest.thrift.gen
namespace py mytest.thrift
struct User {
1: i32 userId,
2: string loginName,
3: string password,
4: string name
}
exception UserNotFound {
1: string message
}
service UserService {
User getUser(1:string loginName) throws (1:UserNotFound unf),
list getUsers()
}

namespace java mytest.thrift.gen namespace py mytest.thrift struct User { 1: i32 userId, 2: string loginName, 3: string password, 4: string name } exception UserNotFound { 1: string message } service UserService { User getUser(1:string loginName) throws (1:UserNotFound unf), list getUsers() } 　　第二步，生成java和python代码
　　thrift --gen java user.thrift
　　thrift --gen py user.thrift
　　第三步，实现java服务端
　　参见：http://wiki.apache.org/thrift/ThriftUsageJava
　　服务实现 UserServiceHandler.java
　　

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package myserver;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import mytest.thrift.gen.User;

import mytest.thrift.gen.UserNotFound;

import mytest.thrift.gen.UserService;

import org.apache.thrift.TException;

public class UserServiceHandler implements UserService.Iface {

@Override

public User getUser(String loginName) throws UserNotFound, TException {

      if (!"login1".equals(loginName)) {

         UserNotFound e = new UserNotFound("User not Found!");

         throw e;

      }

      User user = new User();

      user.setUserId(100);

      user.setLoginName("login1");

      user.setPassword("pwd1");

      user.setName("user1");

      return user;

}

@Override

public List getUsers() throws TException {

      List list = new ArrayList();

      User user = new User();

      user.setUserId(100);

      user.setLoginName("login1");

      user.setPassword("pwd1");

      user.setName("user1");

      list.add(user);

      User user2 = new User();

      user2.setUserId(200);

      user2.setLoginName("login2");

      user2.setPassword("pwd2");

      user2.setName("user2");

      list.add(user2);

      return list;

}

}

package myserver; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import mytest.thrift.gen.User; import mytest.thrift.gen.UserNotFound; import mytest.thrift.gen.UserService; import org.apache.thrift.TException; public class UserServiceHandler implements UserService.Iface { @Override public User getUser(String loginName) throws UserNotFound, TException { if (!"login1".equals(loginName)) { UserNotFound e = new UserNotFound("User not Found!"); throw e; } User user = new User(); user.setUserId(100); user.setLoginName("login1"); user.setPassword("pwd1"); user.setName("user1"); return user; } @Override public List getUsers() throws TException { List list = new ArrayList(); User user = new User(); user.setUserId(100); user.setLoginName("login1"); user.setPassword("pwd1"); user.setName("user1"); list.add(user); User user2 = new User(); user2.setUserId(200); user2.setLoginName("login2"); user2.setPassword("pwd2"); user2.setName("user2"); list.add(user2); return list; } }
　　主程序 Server.java
　　

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package myserver;

import mytest.thrift.gen.UserService;

import org.apache.thrift.server.TServer;

import org.apache.thrift.server.TSimpleServer;

import org.apache.thrift.transport.TServerSocket;

import org.apache.thrift.transport.TServerTransport;

public class Server {

public static void main(String[] args) {

      try {

         UserServiceHandler handler = new UserServiceHandler();

         UserService.Processor processor = new UserService.Processor(handler);

         TServerTransport serverTransport = new TServerSocket(9090);

         TServer server = new TSimpleServer(processor, serverTransport);

         // Use this for a multithreaded server

         // server = new TThreadPoolServer(processor, serverTransport);

         System.out.println("Starting the server...");

         server.serve();

      } catch (Exception x) {

         x.printStackTrace();

      }

      System.out.println("done.");

}

}

package myserver; import mytest.thrift.gen.UserService; import org.apache.thrift.server.TServer; import org.apache.thrift.server.TSimpleServer; import org.apache.thrift.transport.TServerSocket; import org.apache.thrift.transport.TServerTransport; public class Server { public static void main(String[] args) { try { UserServiceHandler handler = new UserServiceHandler(); UserService.Processor processor = new UserService.Processor(handler); TServerTransport serverTransport = new TServerSocket(9090); TServer server = new TSimpleServer(processor, serverTransport); // Use this for a multithreaded server // server = new TThreadPoolServer(processor, serverTransport); System.out.println("Starting the server..."); server.serve(); } catch (Exception x) { x.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println("done."); } }
　　第四步，实现java客户端


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package myclient;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import mytest.thrift.gen.User;
import mytest.thrift.gen.UserNotFound;
import mytest.thrift.gen.UserService;
import org.apache.thrift.TException;
import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol;
import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TProtocol;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TSocket;
import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransport;
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
TTransport transport = new TSocket("localhost", 9090);
TProtocol protocol = new TBinaryProtocol(transport);
UserService.Client client = new UserService.Client(protocol);
transport.open();
System.out.println("test1");
try {
User user1 = client.getUser("login1");
System.out.println("name=" + user1.getName());
} catch (UserNotFound e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
System.out.println("test2");
try {
User user2 = client.getUser("login10");
System.out.println("name=" + user2.getName());
} catch (UserNotFound e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
System.out.println("test3");
List list = client.getUsers();
Iterator it = list.iterator();
while(it.hasNext()){
User u = it.next();
System.out.println("name=" + u.getName());
}
transport.close();
} catch (TException x) {
x.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

package myclient; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import mytest.thrift.gen.User; import mytest.thrift.gen.UserNotFound; import mytest.thrift.gen.UserService; import org.apache.thrift.TException; import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol; import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TProtocol; import org.apache.thrift.transport.TSocket; import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransport; public class Client { public static void main(String[] args) { try { TTransport transport = new TSocket("localhost", 9090); TProtocol protocol = new TBinaryProtocol(transport); UserService.Client client = new UserService.Client(protocol); transport.open(); System.out.println("test1"); try { User user1 = client.getUser("login1"); System.out.println("name=" + user1.getName()); } catch (UserNotFound e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } System.out.println("test2"); try { User user2 = client.getUser("login10"); System.out.println("name=" + user2.getName()); } catch (UserNotFound e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } System.out.println("test3"); List list = client.getUsers(); Iterator it = list.iterator(); while(it.hasNext()){ User u = it.next(); System.out.println("name=" + u.getName()); } transport.close(); } catch (TException x) { x.printStackTrace(); } } } 　　

第五步，实现python客户端

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from mytest.thrift import UserService
from mytest.thrift.ttypes import UserNotFound
from thrift import Thrift
from thrift.transport import TSocket
from thrift.transport import TTransport
from thrift.protocol import TBinaryProtocol
try:
# Make socket
transport = TSocket.TSocket('localhost', 9090)
# Buffering is critical. Raw sockets are very slow
transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport)
# Wrap in a protocol
protocol = TBinaryProtocol.TBinaryProtocol(transport)
# Create a client to use the protocol encoder
client = UserService.Client(protocol)
# Connect!
transport.open()
try:
user1 = client.getUser("login1")
print user1.name
except UserNotFound, io:
print '%r' % io
# Close!
transport.close()
except Thrift.TException, tx:
print '%s' % (tx.message)

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