Mac OS X 10.11.1下搭建Python3.4 + PyQt5.5.1 +Eric6.1.1开发平台

htgefwda

由于Python易学、开源、面向对象、可移植性高、库丰富的特点，近期开始学习Python。百度了解了各款Python IDE后，还是认为Eric比较适合我，所以踏上了安装Eric坎坷之路，从选定工具到安装成功一共花费了8天时间，从Windows到Linux再到Mac，挨个折腾了一遍，Windows的搭建比较简单，下载好相应版本直接运行exe就行了，Linux和Mac下我都是用源码包安装的，所以遇到了不少问题最后，终于在Mac上研究明白了。把搭建的整个过程写下来，和与我一样的小白分享。

PS:Mac与Linux的搭建没什么区别，Linux下的也可参考本文，由于我安装过xcode所以gcc我没有再单独去安装，没有的请根据提示自行安装。
一、准备文件

    Python3.4

    Qt5.5.1

    SIP4.17

    QScintilla2.9.1

    PyQt5.5.1

二、安装过程
1.安装Python3.4

            从官网（https://www.python.org/download）下载相应平台的版本安装即可

        注意！！

    如果您是iOS开发者,请不要删除python2.7,因为Xcode使用的2.7的脚本,不支持3以上版本!!!

2.安装Qt5.5.1

            从官网（http://qt-project.org/downloads）下载相应平台的版本安装即可，路径设成默认（/Users/*/Qt5.5.1）即可

            安装完成需要将Qt5添加到环境变量~/.bash_profile         

vim ~/.bash_profile

将下面两行添加进去

PATH="/Users/*/Qt5.5.1/5.5/clang_64/bin:${PATH}" export PATH

3.安装SIP4.14

            下载地址：http://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/sip/download            

tar -zxvf sip-4.17.tar.gz   cd sip-4.17python3 configure.py  make  && date # 加&&date是个人习惯，make成功会显示时间sudo make install  && date # 一定要加sudo

4.安装QScintilla/Qt4Qt5

                下载地址：http://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/qscintilla/download

              QScintilla2 文件中有3个文件夹的内容要分别安装：Qt4Qt5，designer-Qt4Qt5和Python。

              Qt4Qt5文件夹要在PyQt之前安装，designer-Qt4Qt5和Python要在PyQt之后安装，顺序一定要注意！！

cd ./QScintilla-gpl-2.9.1/Qt4Qt5qmake qscintilla.pro make && datesudo make install && date

5.安装PyQt5.5.1

            下载地址：https://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/pyqt/download5

            由于是安装在Python的site-packages里，所以要首先确定包的位置

python3Python 3.4.4 (v3.4.4:737efcadf5a6, Dec 19 2015, 20:38:52) [GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5666) (dot 3)] on darwinType "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> import site>>> site.getsitepackages()['/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages', '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/site-python', '/Library/Python/3.4/site-packages']

        知道了位置开始编译

cd PyQt-gpl-5.5.1$python3 configure.py -q /Users/**/Qt5.5.1/5.5/clang_64/bin/qmake -d /Library/Python/3.4/site-packages/ #-q 后面的是qmake的位置，-d 后面是Python包的位置make && date

注意！！

我在执行make的时候出了一个这样的错误

/Users/Kallan/Documents/Python开发/PyQt-gpl-5.5.1/sip/QtPositioning/qgeolocation.sip:28:10: fatal error:       'qgeolocation.h' file not found#include <qgeolocation.h>         ^1 error generated.make[1]: *** [sipQtPositioningcmodule.o] Error 1make: *** [sub-QtPositioning-make_first-ordered] Error 2

解决方法：

在/PyQt-gpl-5.5.1/QtPositioning文件夹下创建一个头文件qgeolocation.h，把下面的内容复制进去

/******************************************************************************** Copyright (C) 2015 The Qt Company Ltd.** Contact: http://www.qt.io/licensing/**** This file is part of the QtPositioning module of the Qt Toolkit.**** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:LGPL21$** Commercial License Usage** Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the** Software or, alternatively, in accordance with the terms contained in** a written agreement between you and The Qt Company. For licensing terms** and conditions see http://www.qt.io/terms-conditions. For further** information use the contact form at http://www.qt.io/contact-us.**** GNU Lesser General Public License Usage** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU Lesser** General Public License version 2.1 or version 3 as published by the Free** Software Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.LGPLv21 and** LICENSE.LGPLv3 included in the packaging of this file. Please review the** following information to ensure the GNU Lesser General Public License** requirements will be met: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html and** http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/lgpl-2.1.html.**** As a special exception, The Qt Company gives you certain additional** rights. These rights are described in The Qt Company LGPL Exception** version 1.1, included in the file LGPL_EXCEPTION.txt in this package.**** $QT_END_LICENSE$******************************************************************************/ #ifndef QGEOLOCATION_H#define QGEOLOCATION_H #include <QtCore/QSharedDataPointer>#include <QtCore/QMetaType>#include <QtPositioning/qpositioningglobal.h> QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE class QGeoAddress;class QGeoCoordinate;class QGeoRectangle;class QGeoLocationPrivate; class Q_POSITIONING_EXPORT QGeoLocation{public:    QGeoLocation();    QGeoLocation(const QGeoLocation &other);     ~QGeoLocation();     QGeoLocation &operator=(const QGeoLocation &other);     bool operator==(const QGeoLocation &other) const;    bool operator!=(const QGeoLocation &other) const {        return !(other == *this);    }     QGeoAddress address() const;    void setAddress(const QGeoAddress &address);    QGeoCoordinate coordinate() const;    void setCoordinate(const QGeoCoordinate &position);    QGeoRectangle boundingBox() const;    void setBoundingBox(const QGeoRectangle &box);     bool isEmpty() const; private:    QSharedDataPointer<QGeoLocationPrivate> d;}; Q_DECLARE_TYPEINFO(QGeoLocation, Q_MOVABLE_TYPE); QT_END_NAMESPACE Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(QGeoLocation) #endif

继续！

make cleanmake && datesudo make install && date

6.安装QScintilla/Python

cd /QScintilla-gpl-2.9.1/Pythonpython3 configure.py --pyqt=PyQt5 -d /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5 --pyqt-sipdir=/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5 -v /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5make && datesudo make install && date

如果在Python里import不会报错，即代表安装成功，可继续往下进行

python3Python 3.4.4 (v3.4.4:737efcadf5a6, Dec 19 2015, 20:38:52) [GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5666) (dot 3)] on darwinType "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> import PyQt5.Qsci>>> exit()


7.安装QScintilla/designer-Qt4Qt5        

cd /QScintilla-gpl-2.9.1/designer-Qt4Qt5qmake designer.pro make && datesudo make install && date

8.安装Eric6

下载地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/eric-ide/files/eric6/stable/

下载其中的eric6-6.1.1.tar主文件和eric6-i18n-zh_CN.GB2312-6.1.1.tar中文语言包。

将两个文件提取出来，将中文语音包的eric复制到主文件内合并

cd eric6-6.1.1sudo python3 install.py


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配置Eric6

1、选择Eric6-> preference -> Editor -> Autocompation。勾选所有选框；

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2.Editor -> QScintilla 。勾上左右的两个选框，然后在下面source中，选择from Document and API files；

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3.Editor -> APIs。勾选Complie APIs Autocompation，在Language中，选择python3。点面下面的Add from installed APIs按钮,选择住需要的.api文件。最后点击Compile APIs；

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4、Interface -> Interface。Language选择中文,重启生效。

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大功告成！
三、曾经遇到的问题
1.安装QScintilla designer-Qt4Qt5时报错！

root@kallan:/media/kallan/D盘/编程学习/python/QScintilla-gpl-2.9.1/designer-Qt4Qt5# qmake -qt5 designer.pro Project ERROR: Unknown module(s) in QT: designer

原因： Qt没有安装好
2.安装QScintilla Python时报错！

python3 configure.py --pyqt=PyQt5 -d /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5 --pyqt-sipdir=/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5 --qsci-sipdir=/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5Error: Make sure you have a working sip on your PATH or use the --sip argumentto explicitly specify a working sip.

原因：没有安装SIP
3.安装QScintilla Python时报错！

python3 configure.py --pyqt=PyQt5Configuring QScintilla 2.9.1...QScintilla 2.9.1 is being used.The QScintilla .sip files will be installed in /usr/share/sip/PyQt5.The QScintilla module will be installed in/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/PyQt5.PyQt 5.3.1 is being used.Qt 5.3.1 is being used.sip 4.16.2 is being used.The sip executable is /usr/bin/sip.The QScintilla module is being built with 'protected' redefined as 'public'.The QScintilla API file will be installed in /usr/share/qt5/qsci/api/python.Generating the C++ source for the Qsci module...Error: Unable to create the C++ code.

原因：安装顺序错误——先安装的PyQt5，而后安装的QScintilla Qt4Qt5
4.QScintilla的Python安装完成但是在Python中import时报错！

>>> import PyQt5.QsciTraceback (most recent call last):  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so, 2): Library not loaded: @rpath/QtPrintSupport.framework/Versions/5/QtPrintSupport  Referenced from: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so  Reason: image not found

5.安装Eric报错！

python3 install.pyChecking dependenciesPython Version: 3.4.4Found PyQt5Sorry, please install QScintilla2 andits PyQt5/PyQt4 wrapper.Error: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so, 2): Library not loaded: @rpath/QtPrintSupport.framework/Versions/5/QtPrintSupport  Referenced from: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so  Reason: image not found

4和5问题的原因是一样的，QScintilla的Python没有安装成功