ansible学习笔记9-playbooks之include

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task include files

在不同tasks之间plays和playbooks可以重复调用。include files可以达成目的
系统通过使用include task来完美实现role定义，记住，playbook中的play最终
目的是映射系统群到多个roles中

cat tasks/foo.yml

---
# possibly saved as tasks/foo.yml

- name: placeholder foo
  command: /bin/foo

- name: placeholder bar
  command: /bin/bar

include指令类似如下，可以像普通tasks命令一样在playbook中混合使用

tasks:
  - include: tasks/foo.yml

你也可以传输变量到includes指令，称之为parameterized include

如何分发多个WordPress实例，我可以包涵所有WordPress命令到一个WordPress.yml
文件

tasks:
  - include: wordpress.yml wp_user=timmy
  - include: wordpress.yml wp_user=alice
  - include: wordpress.yml wp_user=bob

如果你使用的是ansible1.4以上版本，include语法简化了匹配roles，同时允许
传递参数列表和字典：

tasks:
  - { include: wordpress.yml,wp_user:timmy,ssh_keys:['keys/one.txt','keys/two.txt']}

也可以这样引用它们{{wp_user}}

从1.0开始，ansible还支持另外一种变量传参到include files的方式-结构化变量
方法如下

tasks:
  - include: wordpress.yml
    vars:
        wp_user: timmy
        ssh_keys:
          - keys/one.txt
          - keys/two.txt
  
playbooks也同时可以include引用其它playbooks

Includes 功能也可以被用在用 handlers 区域,例如,如果你希望定义如何重启apache,你只需要定义一个playbook,只需要做一次.编辑类似如下样例的 handers.yml:

---
# this might be in a file like handlers/handlers.yml
- name: restart apache
  service: name=apache state=restarted
然后像如下方式在 main playbook 的询问引用play即可:

handlers:
  - include: handlers/handlers.yml

Includes也可以在常规不包含 included 的tasks和handlers文件中混合引用. Includes常被用作将一个playbook文件中的命令导入到另外一个playbook.这种方式允许我们定义由其它playbooks组成的顶层playbook(top-level playbook).

- name: this is a play at the top level of a file
  hosts: all
  remote_user: root

  tasks:

  - name: say hi
    tags: foo
    shell: echo "hi..."

- include: load_balancers.yml
- include: webservers.yml
- include: dbservers.yml