一、简介
1、NRPE介绍
NRPE是Nagios的一个功能扩展,它可在远程Linux/Unix主机上执行插件程序。通过在远程服务器上安装NRPE插件及Nagios插件程序来向Nagios监控平台提供该服务器的本地情况,如CPU负载,内存使用,磁盘使用等。这里将Nagios监控端称为Nagios服务器端,而将远程被监控的主机称为Nagios客户端。
Nagios监控远程主机的方法有多种,其方式包括SNMP,NRPE,SSH,NCSA等。这里介绍其通过NRPE监控远程Linux主机的方式。
NRPE(Nagios Remote Plugin Executor)是用于在远端服务器上运行监测命令的守护进程,它用于让Nagios监控端基于安装的方式触发远端主机上的检测命令,并将检测结果返回给监控端。而其执行的开销远低于基于SSH的检测方式,而且检测过程不需要远程主机上的系统账号信息,其安全性也高于SSH的检测方式。
2、NRPE的工作原理
NRPE有两部分组成 check_nrpe插件:位于监控主机上
nrpe daemon:运行在远程主机上,通常是被监控端agent 注意:nrpe daemon需要Nagios-plugins插件的支持,否则daemon不能做任何监控
详细的介绍NRPE的工作原理
当Nagios需要监控某个远程Linux主机的服务或者资源情况时:
首先:Nagios会运行check_nrpe这个插件,告诉它要检查什么;
其次:check_nrpe插件会连接到远程的NRPE daemon,所用的方式是SSL;
然后:NRPE daemon 会运行相应的Nagios插件来执行检查;
最后:NRPE daemon 将检查的结果返回给check_nrpe 插件,插件将其递交给nagios做处理。
二、被监控端安装Nagios-plugins插件和NRPE
1、添加nagios用户
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| [iyunv@ClientNrpe ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nagios
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2、安装nagios-plugins,因为NRPE依赖此插件
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| [iyunv@ClientNrpe ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make openssl openssl-devel
[iyunv@ClientNrpe ~]# tar xf nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz
[iyunv@ClientNrpe ~]# cd nagios-plugins-2.0.3
[iyunv@ClientNrpe nagios-plugins-2.0.3]# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
[iyunv@ClientNrpe nagios-plugins-2.0.3]# make && make install
#注意:如何要监控mysql 需要添加 --with-mysql
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3、安装NRPE
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| [iyunv@ClientNrpe ~]# tar xf nrpe-2.15.tar.gz
[iyunv@ClientNrpe ~]# cd nrpe-2.15
[iyunv@ClientNrpe nrpe-2.15]# ./configure --with-nrpe-user=nagios
> --with-nrpe-group=nagios
> --with-nagios-user=nagios
> --with-nagios-group=nagios
> --enable-command-args
> --enable-ssl
[iyunv@ClientNrpe nrpe-2.15]# make all
[iyunv@ClientNrpe nrpe-2.15]# make install-plugin
[iyunv@ClientNrpe nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon
[iyunv@ClientNrpe nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon-config
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4、配置NRPE
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| [iyunv@ClientNrpe ~]# grep -v '^#' /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg |sed '/^$/d'
log_facility=daemon
pid_file=/var/run/nrpe.pid
server_port=5666 #监听的端口
nrpe_user=nagios
nrpe_group=nagios
allowed_hosts=192.168.0.105 #允许的地址通常是Nagios服务器端
dont_blame_nrpe=0
allow_bash_command_substitution=0
debug=0
command_timeout=60
connection_timeout=300
command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10
command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20
command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda1
command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z
command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200
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5、启动NRPE
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| #以守护进程的方式启动
[iyunv@ClientNrpe ~]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
[iyunv@ClientNrpe ~]# netstat -tulpn | grep nrpe
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5666 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 22597/nrpe
tcp 0 0 :::5666 :::* LISTEN 22597/nrpe
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有两种方式用于管理nrpe服务,nrpe有两种运行模式:
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| -i # Run as a service under inetd or xinetd
-d # Run as a standalone daemon
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可以为nrpe编写启动脚本,使得nrpe以standard alone方式运行:
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| [iyunv@ClientNrpe ~]# cat /etc/init.d/nrped
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 2345 88 12
# description: NRPE DAEMON
NRPE=/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe
NRPECONF=/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting NRPE daemon..."
$NRPE -c $NRPECONF -d
echo " done."
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping NRPE daemon..."
pkill -u nagios nrpe
echo " done."
;;
restart)
$0 stop
sleep 2
$0 start
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 start|stop|restart"
;;
esac
exit 0
[iyunv@ClientNrpe ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nrped
[iyunv@ClientNrpe ~]# chkconfig --add nrped
[iyunv@ClientNrpe ~]# chkconfig nrped on
[iyunv@ClientNrpe ~]# service nrped start
Starting NRPE daemon... done.
[iyunv@ClientNrpe ~]# netstat -tnlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1031/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1108/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5666 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 22597/nrpe
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1031/sshd
tcp 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1108/master
tcp 0 0 :::5666 :::* LISTEN 22597/nrpe
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三、监控端安装NRPE
1、安装NRPE
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| [iyunv@Nagios ~]# tar xf nrpe-2.15.tar.gz
[iyunv@Nagios ~]# cd nrpe-2.15
[iyunv@Nagios nrpe-2.15]# ./configure
> --with-nrpe-user=nagios
> --with-nrpe-group=nagios
> --with-nagios-user=nagios
> --with-nagios-group=nagios
> --enable-command-args
> --enable-ssl
[iyunv@Nagios nrpe-2.15]# make all
[iyunv@Nagios nrpe-2.15]# make install-plugin
#安装完成后,会在Nagios安装目录的libexec下生成check_nrpe的插件
[iyunv@Nagios ~]# cd /usr/local/nagios/libexec/
[iyunv@Nagios libexec]# ll -d check_nrpe
-rwxrwxr-x. 1 nagios nagios 76769 9月 28 08:07 check_nrpe
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2、check_nrpe的用法
[iyunv@Nagios libexec]# ./check_nrpe -h
NRPE Plugin for Nagios
Copyright (c) 1999-2008 Ethan Galstad (nagios@nagios.org)
Version: 2.15
Last Modified: 09-06-2013
License: GPL v2 with exemptions (-l for more info)
SSL/TLS Available: Anonymous DH Mode, OpenSSL 0.9.6 or higher required
Usage: check_nrpe -H [ -b ] [-4] [-6] [-n] [-u] [-p ] [-t ] [-c |