ansible安装以及配置优化和实现动态inventory

ikyujyhtg

系统环境

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# uname -a    Linux puppetserver25 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Sun Nov 10 22:19:54 EST 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux # cat /etc/issue Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.5 (Santiago) Kernel \r on an \m # python -V Python 2.6.6

所需要的rpm包

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ansible-2.2.1.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm libyaml-0.1.3-4.el6_6.x86_64.rpm python-argparse-1.2.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm python-crypto2.6-2.6.1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm python-httplib2-0.7.7-1.el6.noarch.rpm python-jinja2-26-2.6-3.el6.noarch.rpm python-keyczar-0.71c-1.el6.noarch.rpm python-six-1.9.0-2.el6.noarch.rpm PyYAML-3.10-3.1.el6.x86_64.rpm sshpass-1.05-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

服务器如果可以出公网可以使用pip或者yum安装ansible
1.安装ansible

1	yum install ansible -y

2.配置ansible，优化配置，提高ansible性能【/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg】

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[defaults] forks          = 150 transport      = paramiko #使用facter缓存，默认使用内存，支持redis gathering = implicit fact_caching_timeout = 86400 fact_caching = jsonfile fact_caching_connection = /etc/ansible/facts/cache host_key_checking = False remote_user = test deprecation_warnings = False callback_plugins   = /etc/ansible/callback_plugins retry_files_enabled = False [privilege_escalation] become=True become_method=sudo become_user=root become_ask_pass=False [paramiko_connection] [ssh_connection] ssh_args = -C -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no pipelining = True [accelerate] [selinux] [colors]

优化ssh，提高ansible性能

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$ more ~/.ssh/config Host * Compression yes ServerAliveInterval 60 ServerAliveCountMax 5 ControlMaster auto ControlPath ~/.ssh/%r@%h-%p ControlPersist 4h

3.启用ansible的callback_plugins 显示ansible-playbook的执行时间

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$ more callback_plugins/profile_tasks.py import datetime import os import time from ansible.plugins.callback import CallbackBase class CallbackModule(CallbackBase):     """     A plugin for timing tasks     """     def __init__(self):         super(CallbackModule, self).__init__()         self.stats = {}         self.current = None     def playbook_on_task_start(self, name, is_conditional):         """         Logs the start of each task         """         if os.getenv("ANSIBLE_PROFILE_DISABLE") is not None:             return         if self.current is not None:             # Record the running time of the last executed task             self.stats[self.current] = time.time() - self.stats[self.current]         # Record the start time of the current task         self.current = name         self.stats[self.current] = time.time()     def playbook_on_stats(self, stats):         """         Prints the timings         """         if os.getenv("ANSIBLE_PROFILE_DISABLE") is not None:             return         # Record the timing of the very last task         if self.current is not None:             self.stats[self.current] = time.time() - self.stats[self.current]         # Sort the tasks by their running time         results = sorted(             self.stats.items(),             key=lambda value: value[1],             reverse=True,         )         # Just keep the top 10         results = results[:10]         # Print the timings         for name, elapsed in results:             print(                 "{0:-<70}{1:->9}".format(                     '{0} '.format(name),                     ' {0:.02f}s'.format(elapsed),                 )             )         total_seconds = sum([x[1] for x in self.stats.items()])         print("\nPlaybook finished: {0}, {1} total tasks.  {2} elapsed. \n".format(                 time.asctime(),                 len(self.stats.items()),                 datetime.timedelta(seconds=(int(total_seconds)))                 )           )

执行的效果如下

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test connection --------------------------------------------------------- 1.17s Playbook finished: Wed Feb 15 13:09:06 2017, 1 total tasks.  0:00:01 elapsed.

4.编写ansible的动态inventory脚本

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$ more inventory.py #!/usr/bin/env python import argparse import sys try:     import json except ImportError:     import simplejson as json def RFile():     with open('hostlist.txt', 'r+') as f:         result=[]         for line in f.readlines():             host = line.strip().split()             if host:                 result.append(host)     return result host_list = RFile() def groupList():     group_list = []     for host in host_list:         group_list.append(host[1])     print (json.dumps({"all":group_list},indent=4)) def hostList(key):     host_dict = {}     for host in host_list:         host_dict[host[1]] = {"ansible_ssh_host": host[1],"ansible_ssh_port":9999, "ansible_ssh_user":"test","ansible_ssh_pass": "test","hostname":host[0]}     print (json.dumps(host_dict[key], indent=4)) if len(sys.argv) == 2 and (sys.argv[1] == '--list'):     groupList() elif len(sys.argv) == 3 and (sys.argv[1] == '--host'):     hostList(sys.argv[2]) else:     print "Usage: %s --list or --host <hostname>" % sys.argv[0]     sys.exit(1)

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主机列表如下 more hostlist.txt backup01.cn 10.44.245.85

测试playbook：test.yml

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$ more test.yml - hosts: all   remote_user: test   gather_facts: no   become: yes   become_method: sudo   tasks:     - name: test connection       ping:

执行结果如下：

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$ ansible-playbook -i inventory.py test.yml PLAY [all] ********************************************************************* TASK [test connection] ********************************************************* ok: [10.44.245.85] PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************* 10.44.245.85               : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    test connection --------------------------------------------------------- 1.17s Playbook finished: Wed Feb 15 13:20:09 2017, 1 total tasks.  0:00:01 elapsed.