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[经验分享] zookeeper 集群安装（单点与分布式成功安装）摘录

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发表于 2017-4-19 12:19:24 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Posted on 2012-05-03 10:28 云云 阅读(2807) 评论(6) 编辑 收藏
ZooKeeper是一个分布式开源框架，提供了协调分布式应用的基本服务，它向外部应用暴露一组通用服务——分布式同步（Distributed Synchronization）、命名服务（Naming Service）、集群维护（Group Maintenance）等，简化分布式应用协调及其管理的难度，提供高性能的分布式服务。ZooKeeper本身可以以Standalone模式安装运行，不过它的长处在于通过分布式ZooKeeper集群（一个Leader，多个Follower），基于一定的策略来保证ZooKeeper集群的稳定性和可用性，从而实现分布式应用的可靠性。
有关ZooKeeper的介绍，网上很多，也可以参考文章后面，我整理的一些相关链接。
下面，我们简单说明一下ZooKeeper的配置。


ZooKeeper Standalone模式


从Apache网站上（zookeeper.apache.org）下载ZooKeeper软件包，我选择了3.3.4版本的（zookeeper-3.3.4.tar.gz），在一台Linux机器上安装非常容易，只需要解压缩后，简单配置一下即可以启动ZooKeeper服务器进程。
将zookeeper-3.3.4/conf目录下面的 zoo_sample.cfg修改为zoo.cfg，配置文件内容如下所示：
[plain]viewplaincopy


  • tickTime=2000
  • dataDir=/home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper
  • clientPort=2181
  • initLimit=5
  • syncLimit=2

上面各个配置参数的含义也非常简单，引用如下所示：[plain]viewplaincopy


  • tickTime——thebasictimeunitinmillisecondsusedbyZooKeeper.ItisusedtodoheartbeatsandtheminimumsessiontimeoutwillbetwicethetickTime.
  • dataDir——thelocationtostorethein-memorydatabasesnapshotsand,unlessspecifiedotherwise,thetransactionlogofupdatestothedatabase.
  • clientPort——theporttolistenforclientconnections

下面启动ZooKeeper服务器进程：[plain]viewplaincopy


  • cdzookeeper-3.3.4/
  • bin/zkServer.shstart

通过jps命令可以查看ZooKeeper服务器进程，名称为QuorumPeerMain。在客户端连接ZooKeeper服务器，执行如下命令：
[plain]viewplaincopy


  • bin/zkCli.sh-serverdynamic:2181

上面dynamic是我的主机名，如果在本机执行，则执行如下命令即可：
[plain]viewplaincopy


  • bin/zkCli.sh

客户端连接信息如下所示： 接着，可以使用help查看Zookeeper客户端可以使用的基本操作命令。



ZooKeeper Distributed模式


ZooKeeper分布式模式安装（ZooKeeper集群）也比较容易，这里说明一下基本要点。
首先要明确的是，ZooKeeper集群是一个独立的分布式协调服务集群，“独立”的含义就是说，如果想使用ZooKeeper实现分布式应用的协调与管理，简化协调与管理，任何分布式应用都可以使用，这就要归功于Zookeeper的数据模型（Data Model）和层次命名空间（Hierarchical Namespace）结构，详细可以参考http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/trunk/zookeeperOver.html。在设计你的分布式应用协调服务时，首要的就是考虑如何组织层次命名空间。
下面说明分布式模式的安装配置，过程如下所示：
第一步：主机名称到IP地址映射配置
ZooKeeper集群中具有两个关键的角色：Leader和Follower。集群中所有的结点作为一个整体对分布式应用提供服务，集群中每个结点之间都互相连接，所以，在配置的ZooKeeper集群的时候，每一个结点的host到IP地址的映射都要配置上集群中其它结点的映射信息。
例如，我的ZooKeeper集群中每个结点的配置，以slave-01为例，/etc/hosts内容如下所示：
[plain]viewplaincopy


  • 192.168.0.179slave-01
  • 192.168.0.178slave-02
  • 192.168.0.177slave-03

ZooKeeper采用一种称为Leader election的选举算法。在整个集群运行过程中，只有一个Leader，其他的都是Follower，如果ZooKeeper集群在运行过程中Leader出了问题，系统会采用该算法重新选出一个Leader。因此，各个结点之间要能够保证互相连接，必须配置上述映射。
ZooKeeper集群启动的时候，会首先选出一个Leader，在Leader election过程中，某一个满足选举算的结点就能成为Leader。整个集群的架构可以参考http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/trunk/zookeeperOver.html#sc_designGoals。
第二步：修改ZooKeeper配置文件
在其中一台机器（slave-01）上，解压缩zookeeper-3.3.4.tar.gz，修改配置文件conf/zoo.cfg，内容如下所示：
[plain]viewplaincopy


  • tickTime=2000
  • dataDir=/home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper
  • clientPort=2181
  • initLimit=5
  • syncLimit=2
  • server.1=slave-01:2888:3888
  • server.2=slave-02:2888:3888
  • server.3=slave-03:2888:3888

上述配置内容说明，可以参考http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/trunk/zookeeperStarted.html#sc_RunningReplicatedZooKeeper。第三步：远程复制分发安装文件
上面已经在一台机器slave-01上配置完成ZooKeeper，现在可以将该配置好的安装文件远程拷贝到集群中的各个结点对应的目录下：
[plain]viewplaincopy


  • cd/home/hadoop/installation/
  • scp-rzookeeper-3.3.4/hadoop@slave-02:/home/hadoop/installation/
  • scp-rzookeeper-3.3.4/hadoop@slave-03:/home/hadoop/installation/

第四步：设置myid在我们配置的dataDir指定的目录下面，创建一个myid文件，里面内容为一个数字，用来标识当前主机，conf/zoo.cfg文件中配置的server.X中X为什么数字，则myid文件中就输入这个数字，例如：
[plain]viewplaincopy


  • hadoop@slave-01:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$echo"1">/home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper/myid
  • hadoop@slave-02:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$echo"2">/home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper/myid
  • hadoop@slave-03:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$echo"3">/home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper/myid

按照上述进行配置即可。第五步：启动ZooKeeper集群
在ZooKeeper集群的每个结点上，执行启动ZooKeeper服务的脚本，如下所示：
[plain]viewplaincopy


  • hadoop@slave-01:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$bin/zkServer.shstart
  • hadoop@slave-02:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$bin/zkServer.shstart
  • hadoop@slave-03:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$bin/zkServer.shstart

以结点slave-01为例，日志如下所示：[plain]viewplaincopy


  • hadoop@slave-01:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$tail-500fzookeeper.out
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,117-INFO[main:QuorumPeerConfig@90]-Readingconfigurationfrom:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,133-INFO[main:QuorumPeerConfig@310]-Defaultingtomajorityquorums
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,167-INFO[main:QuorumPeerMain@119]-Startingquorumpeer
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,227-INFO[main:NIOServerCnxn$Factory@143]-bindingtoport0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:2181
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,277-INFO[main:QuorumPeer@819]-tickTimesetto2000
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,278-INFO[main:QuorumPeer@830]-minSessionTimeoutsetto-1
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,279-INFO[main:QuorumPeer@841]-maxSessionTimeoutsetto-1
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,281-INFO[main:QuorumPeer@856]-initLimitsetto5
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,347-INFO[Thread-1:QuorumCnxManager$Listener@473]-Myelectionbindport:3888
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,393-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumPeer@621]-LOOKING
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,396-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@663]-Newelection.Myid=1,Proposedzxid=0
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,400-INFO[WorkerReceiverThread:FastLeaderElection@496]-Notification:1(n.leader),0(n.zxid),1(n.round),LOOKING(n.state),1(n.sid),LOOKING(mystate)
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,416-WARN[WorkerSenderThread:QuorumCnxManager@384]-Cannotopenchannelto2atelectionaddressslave-02/192.168.0.178:3888
  • java.net.ConnectException:Connectionrefused
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(NativeMethod)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.toSend(QuorumCnxManager.java:340)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.process(FastLeaderElection.java:360)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.run(FastLeaderElection.java:333)
  • atjava.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,420-WARN[WorkerSenderThread:QuorumCnxManager@384]-Cannotopenchannelto3atelectionaddressslave-03/192.168.0.177:3888
  • java.net.ConnectException:Connectionrefused
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(NativeMethod)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.toSend(QuorumCnxManager.java:340)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.process(FastLeaderElection.java:360)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.run(FastLeaderElection.java:333)
  • atjava.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,612-WARN[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384]-Cannotopenchannelto2atelectionaddressslave-02/192.168.0.178:3888
  • java.net.ConnectException:Connectionrefused
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(NativeMethod)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,615-WARN[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384]-Cannotopenchannelto3atelectionaddressslave-03/192.168.0.177:3888
  • java.net.ConnectException:Connectionrefused
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(NativeMethod)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
  • 2012-01-0806:51:19,616-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@697]-Notificationtimeout:400
  • 2012-01-0806:51:20,019-WARN[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384]-Cannotopenchannelto2atelectionaddressslave-02/192.168.0.178:3888
  • java.net.ConnectException:Connectionrefused
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(NativeMethod)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
  • 2012-01-0806:51:20,021-WARN[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384]-Cannotopenchannelto3atelectionaddressslave-03/192.168.0.177:3888
  • java.net.ConnectException:Connectionrefused
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(NativeMethod)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
  • 2012-01-0806:51:20,022-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@697]-Notificationtimeout:800
  • 2012-01-0806:51:20,825-WARN[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384]-Cannotopenchannelto2atelectionaddressslave-02/192.168.0.178:3888
  • java.net.ConnectException:Connectionrefused
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(NativeMethod)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
  • 2012-01-0806:51:20,827-WARN[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384]-Cannotopenchannelto3atelectionaddressslave-03/192.168.0.177:3888
  • java.net.ConnectException:Connectionrefused
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(NativeMethod)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
  • 2012-01-0806:51:20,828-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@697]-Notificationtimeout:1600
  • 2012-01-0806:51:22,435-WARN[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384]-Cannotopenchannelto2atelectionaddressslave-02/192.168.0.178:3888
  • java.net.ConnectException:Connectionrefused
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(NativeMethod)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
  • 2012-01-0806:51:22,439-WARN[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384]-Cannotopenchannelto3atelectionaddressslave-03/192.168.0.177:3888
  • java.net.ConnectException:Connectionrefused
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(NativeMethod)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
  • 2012-01-0806:51:22,441-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@697]-Notificationtimeout:3200
  • 2012-01-0806:51:22,945-INFO[WorkerReceiverThread:FastLeaderElection@496]-Notification:2(n.leader),0(n.zxid),1(n.round),LOOKING(n.state),2(n.sid),LOOKING(mystate)
  • 2012-01-0806:51:22,946-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@721]-Updatingproposal
  • 2012-01-0806:51:22,949-WARN[WorkerSenderThread:QuorumCnxManager@384]-Cannotopenchannelto3atelectionaddressslave-03/192.168.0.177:3888
  • java.net.ConnectException:Connectionrefused
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(NativeMethod)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.toSend(QuorumCnxManager.java:340)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.process(FastLeaderElection.java:360)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.run(FastLeaderElection.java:333)
  • atjava.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
  • 2012-01-0806:51:22,951-INFO[WorkerReceiverThread:FastLeaderElection@496]-Notification:2(n.leader),0(n.zxid),1(n.round),LOOKING(n.state),1(n.sid),LOOKING(mystate)
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,156-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumPeer@643]-FOLLOWING
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,170-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Learner@80]-TCPNoDelaysetto:true
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,206-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97]-Serverenvironment:zookeeper.version=3.3.3-1203054,builton11/17/201105:47GMT
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,207-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97]-Serverenvironment:host.name=slave-01
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,207-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97]-Serverenvironment:java.version=1.6.0_30
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,208-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97]-Serverenvironment:java.vendor=SunMicrosystemsInc.
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,208-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97]-Serverenvironment:java.home=/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,209-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97]-Serverenvironment:java.class.path=/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../build/classes:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../zookeeper-3.3.4.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.15.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-lang-2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-collections-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-cli-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/apache-rat-tasks-0.6.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/apache-rat-core-0.6.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/*.jar
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,210-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97]-Serverenvironment:java.library.path=/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/i386/client:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/i386:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/../lib/i386:/usr/java/packages/lib/i386:/lib:/usr/lib
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,210-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97]-Serverenvironment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,212-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97]-Serverenvironment:java.compiler=<NA>
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,212-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97]-Serverenvironment:os.name=Linux
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,212-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97]-Serverenvironment:os.arch=i386
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,213-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97]-Serverenvironment:os.version=3.0.0-14-generic
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,213-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97]-Serverenvironment:user.name=hadoop
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,214-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97]-Serverenvironment:user.home=/home/hadoop
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,214-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97]-Serverenvironment:user.dir=/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,223-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:ZooKeeperServer@151]-CreatedserverwithtickTime2000minSessionTimeout4000maxSessionTimeout40000datadir/home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper/version-2snapdir/home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper/version-2
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,339-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Learner@294]-Gettingasnapshotfromleader
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,358-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Learner@325]-Settingleaderepoch1
  • 2012-01-0806:51:23,358-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FileTxnSnapLog@254]-Snapshotting:0
  • 2012-01-0806:51:25,511-INFO[WorkerReceiverThread:FastLeaderElection@496]-Notification:3(n.leader),0(n.zxid),1(n.round),LOOKING(n.state),3(n.sid),FOLLOWING(mystate)
  • 2012-01-0806:51:42,584-INFO[WorkerReceiverThread:FastLeaderElection@496]-Notification:3(n.leader),0(n.zxid),2(n.round),LOOKING(n.state),3(n.sid),FOLLOWING(mystate)

我启动的顺序是slave-01>slave-02>slave-03，由于ZooKeeper集群启动的时候，每个结点都试图去连接集群中的其它结点，先启动的肯定连不上后面还没启动的，所以上面日志前面部分的异常是可以忽略的。通过后面部分可以看到，集群在选出一个Leader后，最后稳定了。
其他结点可能也出现类似问题，属于正常。
第六步：安装验证
可以通过ZooKeeper的脚本来查看启动状态，包括集群中各个结点的角色（或是Leader，或是Follower），如下所示，是在ZooKeeper集群中的每个结点上查询的结果：
[plain]viewplaincopy


  • hadoop@slave-01:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$bin/zkServer.shstatus
  • JMXenabledbydefault
  • Usingconfig:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
  • Mode:follower

  • hadoop@slave-02:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$bin/zkServer.shstatus
  • JMXenabledbydefault
  • Usingconfig:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
  • Mode:leader

  • hadoop@slave-03:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$bin/zkServer.shstatus
  • JMXenabledbydefault
  • Usingconfig:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
  • Mode:follower

通过上面状态查询结果可见，slave-02是集群的Leader，其余的两个结点是Follower。
另外，可以通过客户端脚本，连接到ZooKeeper集群上。对于客户端来说，ZooKeeper是一个整体（ensemble），连接到ZooKeeper集群实际上感觉在独享整个集群的服务，所以，你可以在任何一个结点上建立到服务集群的连接，例如：
[plain]viewplaincopy


  • hadoop@slave-03:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$bin/zkCli.sh-serverslave-01:2181
  • Connectingtoslave-01:2181
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,068-INFO[main:Environment@97]-Clientenvironment:zookeeper.version=3.3.3-1203054,builton11/17/201105:47GMT
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,080-INFO[main:Environment@97]-Clientenvironment:host.name=slave-03
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,085-INFO[main:Environment@97]-Clientenvironment:java.version=1.6.0_30
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,089-INFO[main:Environment@97]-Clientenvironment:java.vendor=SunMicrosystemsInc.
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,095-INFO[main:Environment@97]-Clientenvironment:java.home=/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,104-INFO[main:Environment@97]-Clientenvironment:java.class.path=/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../build/classes:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../zookeeper-3.3.4.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.15.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-lang-2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-collections-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-cli-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/apache-rat-tasks-0.6.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/apache-rat-core-0.6.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/*.jar
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,111-INFO[main:Environment@97]-Clientenvironment:java.library.path=/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/i386/client:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/i386:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/../lib/i386:/usr/java/packages/lib/i386:/lib:/usr/lib
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,116-INFO[main:Environment@97]-Clientenvironment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,124-INFO[main:Environment@97]-Clientenvironment:java.compiler=<NA>
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,169-INFO[main:Environment@97]-Clientenvironment:os.name=Linux
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,175-INFO[main:Environment@97]-Clientenvironment:os.arch=i386
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,177-INFO[main:Environment@97]-Clientenvironment:os.version=3.0.0-14-generic
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,185-INFO[main:Environment@97]-Clientenvironment:user.name=hadoop
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,188-INFO[main:Environment@97]-Clientenvironment:user.home=/home/hadoop
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,190-INFO[main:Environment@97]-Clientenvironment:user.dir=/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,197-INFO[main:ZooKeeper@379]-Initiatingclientconnection,connectString=slave-01:2181sessionTimeout=30000watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@bf32c
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,305-INFO[main-SendThread():ClientCnxn$SendThread@1061]-Openingsocketconnectiontoserverslave-01/192.168.0.179:2181
  • WelcometoZooKeeper!
  • 2012-01-0807:14:21,376-INFO[main-SendThread(slave-01:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@950]-Socketconnectionestablishedtoslave-01/192.168.0.179:2181,initiatingsession
  • JLinesupportisenabled
  • [zk:slave-01:2181(CONNECTING)0]2012-01-0807:14:21,872-INFO[main-SendThread(slave-01:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@739]-Sessionestablishmentcompleteonserverslave-01/192.168.0.179:2181,sessionid=0x134bdcd6b730000,negotiatedtimeout=30000

  • WATCHER::

  • WatchedEventstate:SyncConnectedtype:Nonepath:null

  • [zk:slave-01:2181(CONNECTED)0]ls/
  • [zookeeper]

当前根路径为/zookeeper。

总结说明


主机名与IP地址映射配置问题
启动ZooKeeper集群时，如果ZooKeeper集群中slave-01结点的日志出现如下错误：
[plain]viewplaincopy


  • java.net.SocketTimeoutException
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:109)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
  • 2012-01-0806:37:46,026-INFO[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@697]-Notificationtimeout:6400
  • 2012-01-0806:37:57,431-WARN[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384]-Cannotopenchannelto2atelectionaddressslave-02/202.106.199.35:3888
  • java.net.SocketTimeoutException
  • atsun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:109)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)
  • atorg.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)
  • 2012-01-0806:38:02,442-WARN[QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384]-Cannotopenchannelto3atelectionaddressslave-03/202.106.199.35:3888

很显然，slave-01在启动时连接集群中其他结点（slave-02、slave-03）时，主机名映射的IP与我们实际配置的不一致，所以集群中各个结点之间无法建立链路，整个ZooKeeper集群启动是失败的。
上面错误日志中slave-02/202.106.199.35:3888实际应该是slave-02/202.192.168.0.178:3888就对了，但是在进行域名解析的时候映射有问题，修改每个结点的/etc/hosts文件，将ZooKeeper集群中所有结点主机名到IP地址的映射配置上。

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