centos 6.4x64安装部署nagios

rgsfew

一、nagios概述

    Nagios是插件式的结构，它本身没有任何监控功能，所有的监控都是通过插件进行的，因此其是高度模块化和富于弹性的。Nagios监控的对象可分为两类：主机和服务。主机通常指的是物理主机，如服务器、路由器、工作站和打印机等，这里的主机也可以是虚拟设备，如xen虚拟出的Linux系统；而服务通常指某个特定的功能，如提供http服务的httpd进程等。而为了管理上的方便，主机和服务还可以分别被规划为主机组和服务组等。
    Nagios不监控任何具体数值指标(如操作系统上的进程个数)，它仅用四种抽象属性对被监控对象的状态进行描述：OK、WARNING, CRITICAL和UNKNOWN。于是，管理员只需要对某种被监控对象的WARNING和CRITICAL状态的阈值进行关注和定义即可。Nagios通过将WARTING和CRTICAL的阈值传递给插件，并由插件负责某具体对象的监控及结果分析，其输出信息为状态信息(OK,WARNING,CRITICAL或UNKOWN)以及一些附加的详细说明信息。

二、环境
    系统：centos 6.4x64最小化安装

    nagios-server: 192.168.3.71

    nagios-client: 192.168.3.72

三、安装nagios
    Nagios通常由一个主程序(Nagios)、一个插件程序(Nagios-plugins)和四个可选的ADDON(NRPE、NSCA、NSClient++和NDOUtils)组成。Nagios的监控工作都是通过插件实现的，因此，Nagios和Nagios-plugins是服务器端工作所必须的组件。而四个ADDON中，NRPE用来在监控的远程Linux/Unix主机上执行脚本插件以实现对这些主机资源的监控；NSCA用来让被监控的远程Linux/Unix主机主动将监控信息发送给Nagios服务器(这在冗余监控模式中特别要用到)；NSClient++是用来监控Windows主机时安装在Windows主机上的组件；而NDOUtils则用来将Nagios的配置信息和各event产生的数据存入数据库，以实现这些数据的快速检索和处理。这四个ADDON(附件)中，NRPE和NSClient++工作于客户端，NDOUtils工作于服务器端，而NSCA则需要同时安装在服务器端和客户端。
    目前，Nagios只能安装在Linux系统主机上，其编译需要用到gcc。同时，如果打算使用web界面的管理工具的话，还需要有apache服务器和GD图形库的支持

    安装nagios依赖关系

1	[iyunv@nagios-server ~]# yum -y install httpd gcc glibc glibc-common gd gd-devel php php-mysql mysql mysql-devel mysql-server ntp

    同步时间

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[iyunv@nagios-server ~]# ntpdate asia.pool.ntp.org 25 May 10:45:35 ntpdate[22419]: step time server 118.67.201.10 offset 140.952903 sec [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# hwclock -w [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# crontab -l MAILTO="" */10 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate asia.pool.ntp.org

    添加nagios运行需要的用户和组

1 2	[iyunv@nagios-server ~]# groupadd  nagcmd [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# useradd -G nagcmd nagios

    把apache添加到

1	[iyunv@nagios-server ~]# usermod -a -G nagcmd apache

    下载nagios，并安装

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[iyunv@nagios-server ~]# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/ ... 3.1.tar.gz/download [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# tar xf nagios-3.3.1.tar.gz [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# cd nagios [iyunv@nagios-server nagios]# ./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd --enable-event-broker [iyunv@nagios-server nagios]# make all                   #安装所有主程序 [iyunv@nagios-server nagios]# make install               #安装主程序，CHI和HTML文件 [iyunv@nagios-server nagios]# make install-init          #安装启动脚本 [iyunv@nagios-server nagios]# make install-commandmode   #配置目录权限 [iyunv@nagios-server nagios]# make install-config        #安装示例文件 [iyunv@nagios-server nagios]# make install-webconf       #安装nagios的web站点配置文件

    为nagios配置告警信息的邮件地址

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#编辑文件前，先备份 [iyunv@nagios-server nagios]# cp /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg.$(date +%F).bak #邮箱地址修改成自己要设置的地址 [iyunv@nagios-server nagios]# sed -i 's#nagios@localhost#lyao@weyee.com#' /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg [iyunv@nagios-server nagios]# grep lyao@weyee.com  /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg         email                           lyao@weyee.com   ; <<***** CHANGE THIS TO YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS ******

    创建一个登陆验证的用户和密码

1 2	#这里设置密码weyee2014 [iyunv@nagios-server nagios]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin

    关闭iptables和启动httpd

1 2	[iyunv@nagios-server nagios]# service iptables stop [iyunv@nagios-server nagios]# service httpd start

    安装nagios-plugins

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#下载nagios-plugins [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# wget http://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# tar xf nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# cd nagios-plugins-2.0.3 [iyunv@nagios-server nagios-plugins-2.0.3]# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios [iyunv@nagios-server nagios-plugins-2.0.3]# make && make install

    配置nagios启动级别

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#将nagios添加到开机自启动 [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# chkconfig --add nagios [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# chkconfig nagios on #检查配置文件 [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# service nagios start Starting nagios: done. [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# ps aux |grep nagios nagios   45840  0.0  0.1  28048  1396 ?        Ssl  11:25   0:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg root     45852  0.0  0.0 103248   832 pts/0    S+   11:25   0:00 grep nagios

    访问http://192.168.3.71/nagios，用户名和密码是上文中设置的nagiosadmin:weyee2014

四、安装NRPE
    NRPE需要nagios-pluin的支持

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[iyunv@nagios-server ~]# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/ ... .15.tar.gz/download [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# tar xf nrpe-2.15.tar.gz [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# cd nrpe-2.15 [iyunv@nagios-server nrpe-2.15]# ./configure --with-nrpe-user=nagios --with-nrpe-group=nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-command-args --enable-ssl [iyunv@nagios-server nrpe-2.15]# make all [iyunv@nagios-server nrpe-2.15]# make install-plugin [iyunv@nagios-server nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon [iyunv@nagios-server nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon-config

    配置NRPE

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#编辑NRPE的配置文件 [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# egrep -v "^$|^#" /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg log_facility=daemon pid_file=/var/run/nrpe.pid server_port=5666 server_address=192.168.3.71        #修改这里 nrpe_user=nagios nrpe_group=nagios allowed_hosts=192.168.3.0/24       #修改这里    dont_blame_nrpe=0 allow_bash_command_substitution=0 debug=0 command_timeout=60 connection_timeout=300 command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10 command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20 command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda1 command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200

    启动NRPE

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[iyunv@nagios-server ~]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# netstat -anpt |grep 5666 tcp        0      0 192.168.3.71:5666           0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      48946/nrpe

    编写NRPCE的启动脚本，将脚本放到/etc/init.d路径下

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[iyunv@nagios-server ~]# cat /etc/init.d/nrped #!/bin/bash # chkconfig: 2345 88 12 # description: NRPE DAEMON NRPE=/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe NRPECONF=/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg case "$1" in     start)         echo -n "Starting NRPE daemon..."         $NRPE -c $NRPECONF -d         echo " done."         ;;     stop)         echo -n "Stopping NRPE daemon..."         pkill -u nagios nrpe         echo " done."     ;;     restart)         $0 stop         sleep 2         $0 start         ;;     *)         echo "Usage: $0 start|stop|restart"         ;; esac exit 0 #赋予脚本权限，并测试 [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nrped [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# chkconfig --add nrped [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# chkconfig nrped on [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# service nrped stop Stopping NRPE daemon... done. [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# netstat -anpt |grep nrpe [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# pidof nrpe #重新启动nrpe [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# service nrped start Starting NRPE daemon... done. [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# netstat -anpt |grep nrpe tcp        0      0 192.168.3.71:5666           0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      49019/nrpe          [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# pidof nrpe 49019 [iyunv@nagios-server ~]# ps aux |grep nrpe |grep -v grep nagios   49019  0.0  0.1  39240  1312 ?        Ss   11:53   0:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d

五、在客户端安装NRPE
    在nagios-client上安装NRPE,需要先安装nagios-plugin

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[iyunv@nagios-client ~]# yum install ntpdate gcc*  openssl openssl-devel -y [iyunv@nagios-client ~]# ntpdate asia.pool.ntp.org 25 May 13:52:18 ntpdate[22302]: step time server 212.26.18.41 offset 2955.354923 sec [iyunv@nagios-client ~]# hwclock -w [iyunv@nagios-client ~]# crontab -l MIALTO="" */10 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate asia.pool.ntp.org [iyunv@nagios-client ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nagios [iyunv@nagios-client ~]#  wget http://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz [iyunv@nagios-client ~]# tar xf nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz [iyunv@nagios-client ~]# cd nagios-plugins-2.0.3 [iyunv@nagios-client nagios-plugins-2.0.3]# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios [iyunv@nagios-client nagios-plugins-2.0.3]# make all [iyunv@nagios-client nagios-plugins-2.0.3]# make install

    安装NRPE

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[iyunv@nagios-client ~]# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/ ... .15.tar.gz/download [iyunv@nagios-client nrpe-2.15]# ./configure --with-nrpe-user=nagios --with-nrpe-group=nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-command-args --enable-ssl [iyunv@nagios-client nrpe-2.15]# make all [iyunv@nagios-client nrpe-2.15]# make install-plugin [iyunv@nagios-client nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon [iyunv@nagios-client nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon-config #修改配置文件 [iyunv@nagios-client nrpe-2.15]# egrep -v "^#|^$" /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg log_facility=daemon pid_file=/var/run/nrpe.pid server_port=5666 server_address=192.168.3.72            #监控本机哪个IP nrpe_user=nagios nrpe_group=nagios allowed_hosts=192.168.3.71             #允许哪个IP对本机进行监控 #编写nrpe启动脚本 [iyunv@nagios-client ~]# cat /etc/init.d/nrped #!/bin/bash # chkconfig: 2345 88 12 # description: NRPE DAEMON NRPE=/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe NRPECONF=/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg case "$1" in     start)         echo -n "Starting NRPE daemon..."         $NRPE -c $NRPECONF -d         echo " done."         ;;     stop)         echo -n "Stopping NRPE daemon..."         pkill -u nagios nrpe         echo " done."     ;;     restart)         $0 stop         sleep 2         $0 start         ;;     *)         echo "Usage: $0 start|stop|restart"         ;; esac exit 0 [iyunv@nagios-client ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nrped [iyunv@nagios-client ~]# chkconfig --add nrped [iyunv@nagios-client ~]# chkconfig nrped on [iyunv@nagios-client ~]# service nrped start Starting NRPE daemon... done. [iyunv@nagios-client ~]# netstat -anpt |grep nrpe tcp        0      0 192.168.3.72:5666           0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      46882/nrpe

    到此nagios和客户端的安装已完成