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邮件服务器部署
1 编译安装postfix
www.postfix.org
①由于Centos已经有了postfix
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| [iyunv@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep postfix
postfix-2.6.6-2.2.el6_1.x86_64
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所以得先卸载
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| [iyunv@localhost ~]# rpm -e postfix --nodeps
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②从www.postfix.org获得源码安装包
③解压包
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| [iyunv@localhost ~]# tar xf postfix-3.0.1.tar.gz
[iyunv@localhost ~]# cd postfix-3.0.1
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④安装前添加用户postfix，postdrop且使得依赖服务开机启动saslauthd
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| [iyunv@localhost ~]# groupadd -g 2525 postfix
[iyunv@localhost ~]# useradd -g 2525 -u 2525 -M -s /sbin/nologin postfix
[iyunv@localhost ~]# groupadd -g 2526 postdrop
[iyunv@localhost ~]# useradd -u 2526 -g 2526 -M -s /sbin/nologin postdrop
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| [iyunv@localhost ~]# service saslauthd start
Starting saslauthd: [ OK ]
[iyunv@localhost ~]# chkconfig saslauthd on
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⑤编译安装
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| [iyunv@localhost postfix-3.0.1]# make makefiles 'CCARGS=-DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/local/mysql/include -DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DUSE_CYRUS_SASL -I/usr/include/sasl -DUSE_TLS ' 'AUXLIBS=-L/usr/local/mysql/lib -lmysqlclient -lz -lrt -lm -L/usr/lib64/sasl2 -lsasl2 -lssl -lcrypto'
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注意：
1 如果出现/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lmysqlclient错误，请确保你的mysql路径库指定正确
2 如果出现 error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1: cannot open shared object file: Error 40，请确保/usr/local/lib下有指向libpcre.so.0.0.1的链接，然后一定要ldconfig，我因为这个弄了半个小时
3 请确认每个文件夹你都可以查看到具体内容，如64为要修改为lib64
最终所有的互动都有默认值才成功
postfix: warning: smtputf8_enable is true, but EAI support is not compiled in
Warning: you still need to edit myorigin/mydestination/mynetworks
parameter settings in /etc/postfix/main.cf.
See also http://www.postfix.org/STANDARD_CONFIGURATION_README.html
for information about dialup sites or about sites inside a firewalled
network.
BTW: Check your /etc/aliases file and be sure to set up aliases
that send mail for root and postmaster to a real person, then run
/usr/bin/newaliases.
⑥为postfix提供SysV服务脚本/etc/rc.d/init.d/postfix，：
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| #!/bin/bash
#
# postfix Postfix Mail Transfer Agent
#
# chkconfig: 2345 80 30
# description: Postfix is a Mail Transport Agent, which is the program \
# that moves mail from one machine to another.
# processname: master
# pidfile: /var/spool/postfix/pid/master.pid
# config: /etc/postfix/main.cf
# config: /etc/postfix/master.cf
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ $NETWORKING = "no" ] && exit 3
[ -x /usr/sbin/postfix ] || exit 4
[ -d /etc/postfix ] || exit 5
[ -d /var/spool/postfix ] || exit 6
RETVAL=0
prog="postfix"
start() {
# Start daemons.
echo -n $"Starting postfix: "
/usr/bin/newaliases >/dev/null 2>&1
/usr/sbin/postfix start 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog start"
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/postfix
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
# Stop daemons.
echo -n $"Shutting down postfix: "
/usr/sbin/postfix stop 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog stop"
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/postfix
echo
return $RETVAL
}
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading postfix: "
/usr/sbin/postfix reload 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog reload"
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
abort() {
/usr/sbin/postfix abort 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog abort"
return $?
}
flush() {
/usr/sbin/postfix flush 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog flush"
return $?
}
check() {
/usr/sbin/postfix check 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog check"
return $?
}
restart() {
stop
start
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
reload)
reload
;;
abort)
abort
;;
flush)
flush
;;
check)
check
;;
status)
status master
;;
condrestart)
[ -f /var/lock/subsys/postfix ] && restart || :
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|abort|flush|check|status|condrestart}"
exit 1
esac
exit $?
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再为此脚本赋予执行权限：
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| [iyunv@www postfix]# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/postfix
[iyunv@www postfix]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/postfix
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将postfix服务添加至服务列表：
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| [iyunv@www postfix-3.0.1]#chkconfig --add postfix
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设置其开机自动启动：
# chkconfig postfix on
测试
[iyunv@www postfix]# service postfix restart
Shutting down postfix: [ OK ]
Starting postfix: [ OK ]
如果报错postfix: warning: smtputf8_enable is true, but EAI support is not compiled in，网上查得EAI是多语种，那么把smtpputf8_enable设置为no即可
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| [iyunv@www postfix-3.0.1]# postconf "smtputf8_enable = no"
[iyunv@www postfix-3.0.1]# postfix start
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| [iyunv@www postfix-3.0.1]# postfix start
postfix/postfix-script: starting the Postfix mail system
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发现有25号端口在监听就ok
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| [iyunv@www postfix-3.0.1]# netstat -tnpl
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:49198 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1604/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1524/rpcbind
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1810/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1665/cupsd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 32725/master
tcp 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1524/rpcbind
tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 1834/httpd
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1810/sshd
tcp 0 0 :::58038 :::* LISTEN 1604/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 1665/cupsd
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 27743/mysqld
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具体可以打开日志文件查看/var/log/maillog
然后
[iyunv@www postfix]# newaliases启动别名功能
2 配置邮件服务器
控制进程的：master.cf
主配置文件：main.cf
通常可以用postconf命令修改配置文件
postconf -d 显示默认的设置
postconf -n 显示修改的内容
postconf -m 支持的查找表模型
postconf -A 显示支持的SASL客户端插件类型
postconf -e PARAMETER=VALUE:更新值
smtp状态码：
1xx:纯信息
2xx:正确
3xx：操作尚未完成
4xx:暂时性错误
5xx:永久性错误
smtp协议命令：
helo(smtp)
ehlo(esmtp)
mail from:说明发件人
rcpt to:指定收件人
data
alias：邮件别名
/etc/aliases
默认情况下，postfix会为本地网段中继，具体配置见Centos6.4下配置邮件服务器postfix3.0.1（二）
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