public synchronized Class loadClass(String name, boolean resolve)
throws ClassNotFoundException {
Class clazz = null;
//首先检查已加载的类
// (0) Check our previously loaded local class cache
clazz = findLoadedClass0(name);
if (clazz != null) {
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
log.debug(" Returning class from cache");
if (resolve)
resolveClass(clazz);
return (clazz);
}
// (0.1) Check our previously loaded class cache
clazz = findLoadedClass(name);
if (clazz != null) {
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
log.debug(" Returning class from cache");
if (resolve)
resolveClass(clazz);
return (clazz);
}
// (0.2) Try loading the class with the system class loader, to prevent
// the webapp from overriding J2SE classes
try {
clazz = system.loadClass(name);
if (clazz != null) {
if (resolve)
resolveClass(clazz);
return (clazz);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// Ignore
}
// (0.5) Permission to access this class when using a SecurityManager
if (securityManager != null) {
int i = name.lastIndexOf('.');
if (i >= 0) {
try {
securityManager.checkPackageAccess(name.substring(0,i));
} catch (SecurityException se) {
String error = "Security Violation, attempt to use " +
"Restricted Class: " + name;
log.info(error, se);
throw new ClassNotFoundException(error, se);
}
}
}
boolean delegateLoad = delegate || filter(name);
//Tomcat允许按照配置来确定优先使用本Web应用的类加载器加载还是使用父类
//加载器来进行类加载,此处先使用父类加载器进行加载
// (1) Delegate to our parent if requested
if (delegateLoad) {
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
log.debug(" Delegating to parent classloader1 " + parent);
ClassLoader loader = parent;
if (loader == null)
loader = system;
try {
clazz = loader.loadClass(name);
if (clazz != null) {
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
log.debug(" Loading class from parent");
if (resolve)
resolveClass(clazz);
return (clazz);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
;
}
}
//使用本地的类加载器进行加载
// (2) Search local repositories
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
log.debug(" Searching local repositories");
try {
clazz = findClass(name);
if (clazz != null) {
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
log.debug(" Loading class from local repository");
if (resolve)
resolveClass(clazz);
return (clazz);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
;
}
//如果没有特殊配置的话,使用父类加载器加载类
// (3) Delegate to parent unconditionally
if (!delegateLoad) {
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
log.debug(" Delegating to parent classloader at end: " + parent);
ClassLoader loader = parent;
if (loader == null)
loader = system;
try {
clazz = loader.loadClass(name);
if (clazz != null) {
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
log.debug(" Loading class from parent");
if (resolve)
resolveClass(clazz);
return (clazz);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
;
}
}
//若最终类还是没有找到,抛出异常
throw new ClassNotFoundException(name);
}
以上就是Web应用中类加载的机制。在默认情况下,WebappClassLoader的父类加载器就是CommonClassLoader,但是我们可以通过修改catalina.properties文件来设置SharedClassLoader,从而实现多个Web应用共用类库的效果。