ansible应用进阶playbook--LNMP+WordPress

67rt

  前面写过了ansible常用的模块介绍，熟悉这些模块是基础，接下来我们通过一个实例来介绍playbook，planbook通过灵活的组装这些基础模块组件，可以实现各位复杂的业务操作场景
我们先来说明下playbook几个常用的概念
var:ansible里变量的概念就是重用某些定义值，主要是模板会用到
tasks：任务就是按照配置文件的定义去执行里面的操作
handles：当被操作的主机配置发送改变时要进行的操作，这里需要通知他，然后handles定义的动作会被执行，是task列表，这些task与前述的tasks并没有本质上的不同
roles：role在ansible可以将任务等模块化了，使他们复用性更强

下面我们通过一键安装LNMP环境并且部署WordPress博客来学习下（github上面的，里面的内容我们稍微修改下就行了）

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[iyunv@ansible wordpress-nginx]# tree . ├── group_vars │   ├── all │   └── all.0 ├── hosts ├── LICENSE.md ├── README.md ├── roles │   ├── common │   │   ├── files │   │   │   ├── epel.repo │   │   │   ├── iptables-save │   │   │   └── RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6 │   │   ├── handlers │   │   │   └── main.yml │   │   └── tasks │   │       └── main.yml │   ├── mysql │   │   ├── handlers │   │   │   └── main.yml │   │   ├── tasks │   │   │   └── main.yml │   │   └── templates │   │       └── my.cnf.j2 │   ├── nginx │   │   ├── handlers │   │   │   └── main.yml │   │   ├── tasks │   │   │   └── main.yml │   │   └── templates │   │       └── default.conf │   ├── php-fpm │   │   ├── handlers │   │   │   └── main.yml │   │   ├── tasks │   │   │   └── main.yml │   │   └── templates │   │       └── wordpress.conf │   └── wordpress │       ├── tasks │       │   └── main.yml │       └── templates │           └── wp-config.php ├── site.retry └── site.yml 21 directories, 23 files 总的目录结构在上面，site.yml是总的入口 下面我们简单看下mysql部分，其他的基本都差不多 [iyunv@ansible wordpress-nginx]# cat site.yml - name: Install WordPress, MySQL, Nginx, and PHP-FPM   hosts: wordpress   remote_user: root   roles:     - common     - mysql     - nginx     - php-fpm     - wordpress [iyunv@ansible wordpress-nginx]# cat hosts [wordpress] 172.16.80.127 [iyunv@ansible wordpress-nginx]# cat roles/mysql/handlers/main.yml --- - name: restart mysql   service: name=mysqld state=restarted [iyunv@ansible wordpress-nginx]# cat roles/mysql/tasks/main.yml --- - name: Install Mysql package   yum: name={{ item }} state=present   with_items:    - mysql-server    - MySQL-python    - libsemanage-python # with_items:  代表下面的列出的变量都会传到item里面 - name: Create Mysql configuration file   template: src=my.cnf.j2 dest=/etc/my.cnf   notify:   - restart mysql - name: Start Mysql Service   service: name=mysqld state=started enabled=yes [iyunv@ansible wordpress-nginx]# cat roles/mysql/templates/my.cnf.j2 [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock user=mysql # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 port={{ mysql_port }} [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

我们来运行下这个配置

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[iyunv@ansible wordpress-nginx]# ansible-playbook -i hosts  site.yml [iyunv@ansible wordpress-nginx]# ansible-playbook -i hosts  site.yml PLAY [Install WordPress, MySQL, Nginx, and PHP-FPM] **************************** TASK [setup] ******************************************************************* ok: [172.16.80.127] TASK [common : Copy the EPEL repository definition] **************************** ok: [172.16.80.127] TASK [common : Create the GPG key for EPEL] ************************************ ok: [172.16.80.127] TASK [common : Set up iptables rules] ****************************************** ok: [172.16.80.127] TASK [mysql : Install Mysql package] ******************************************* ok: [172.16.80.127] => (item=[u'mysql-server', u'MySQL-python', u'libsemanage-python']) TASK [mysql : Create Mysql configuration file] ********************************* ok: [172.16.80.127] TASK [mysql : Start Mysql Service] ********************************************* ok: [172.16.80.127] TASK [nginx : Install nginx] *************************************************** ok: [172.16.80.127] TASK [nginx : Copy nginx configuration for wordpress] ************************** changed: [172.16.80.127] TASK [php-fpm : Install php-fpm and deps] ************************************** ok: [172.16.80.127] => (item=[u'php', u'php-fpm', u'php-enchant', u'php-IDNA_Convert', u'php-mbstring', u'php-mysql', u'php-PHPMailer', u'php-process', u'php-simplepie', u'php-xml']) TASK [php-fpm : Disable default pool] ****************************************** ok: [172.16.80.127] TASK [php-fpm : Copy php-fpm configuration] ************************************ ok: [172.16.80.127] TASK [wordpress : Download WordPress] ****************************************** changed: [172.16.80.127] TASK [wordpress : Extract archive] ********************************************* changed: [172.16.80.127] [WARNING]: Consider using unarchive module rather than running tar TASK [wordpress : Add group "wordpress"] *************************************** changed: [172.16.80.127] TASK [wordpress : Add user "wordpress"] **************************************** changed: [172.16.80.127] TASK [wordpress : Fetch random salts for WordPress config] ********************* changed: [172.16.80.127 -> localhost] [WARNING]: Consider using get_url or uri module rather than running curl TASK [wordpress : Create WordPress database] *********************************** changed: [172.16.80.127] TASK [wordpress : Create WordPress database user] ****************************** changed: [172.16.80.127] TASK [wordpress : Copy WordPress config file] ********************************** changed: [172.16.80.127] TASK [wordpress : Change ownership of WordPress installation] ****************** changed: [172.16.80.127] TASK [wordpress : Start php-fpm Service] *************************************** changed: [172.16.80.127] RUNNING HANDLER [nginx : restart nginx] **************************************** changed: [172.16.80.127] PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************* 172.16.80.127              : ok=23   changed=12   unreachable=0    failed=0

截图看看



最后打开浏览器测试访问http://172.16.80.127
可以看到它自动跳转到安装界面http://172.16.80.127/wp-admin/install.php